Integrated omics study of lipid droplets from Plasmodiophora brassicae

Abstract

Plasmodiophora brassicae causes clubroot disease in cruciferous. In this report, lipid droplets were observed in the resting spores of P. brassicae. 295 lipid droplet-associated proteins were identified and categorized into nine groups. Transcriptome analysis of these proteins during three different zoosporic stages revealed differences in gene expression pattern. GO enrichment analysis revealed that these proteins associated with lipid droplets were mainly linked to biosynthesis and metabolism. GC-MS analysis revealed that lipid droplets contain seven types of free fatty acids: saturated fatty acids C16:0 and C18:0, and unsaturated fatty acids C18:1Δ9, C18:1Δ11, C18:2, C20:4 and C20:5. P. brassicae accumulated a large amount of triacylglycerols (TAGs). We systematically analyzed the putative proteins involved in TAG biosynthesis and its metabolic pathway. KEGG pathway analysis defined 3390 genes, including 167 genes involved in lipid metabolism. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 162 candidate enzymes involved in lipid metabolism were differential expressed. Our omics studies are the first to investigate the lipid droplet organelles in P. brassicae, providing a reference resource to study protist lipid droplets.

Transcriptomic response in symptomless roots of clubroot infected kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) mirrors resistant plants

“…Those differences might be due to if aliphatic 535 or aromatic glucosinolate production is induced by JA in the particular host (Xu et al, 536 2018). Generally, clubroot susceptible hosts show a high level of JA response, whereas 537 it is reduced in resistant hosts (Jubault et al, 2008;Bi et al, 2016a). In our samples, 538 JAZ genes were up-regulated in SL compared with the gall tissue ( Fig.…”

Not in your usual Top 10: protists that infect plants and algae

“…). Lipids start to accumulate in the plasmodial stage and are stored in organelles in the plasmodia and resting spores (Bi et al ., ; Moxham and Buczacki, ). The lipids are potential energy sources for resting spores and, as Pl.…”

“…The genome of a European Pl. brassicae single‐spore isolate has been generated recently (Schwelm et al ., ), followed shortly after by genomic data for isolates from Canada and China (Bi et al ., ; Rolfe et al ., ). The Pl.…”

“…Secondary zoospores formed in zoosporangia (C; bar, 20 mm) emerge through root cell walls, disrupting host nutrient and water uptake. shortly after by genomic data for isolates from Canada and China (Bi et al, 2016;Rolfe et al, 2016). The Pl.…”

“…the high expression of glyoxylate cycle-related genes suggests a high turnover from carbohydrates and lipids in the plasmodia (Schwelm et al 2015). Lipids start to accumulate in the plasmodial stage and are stored in organelles in the plasmodia and resting spores (Bi et al, 2016;Moxham and Buczacki, 1983). The lipids are potential energy sources for resting spores and, as Pl.…”