Integrated multi-area power system with HVDC tie-line to enhance load frequency control and automatic generation control

Khanjanzadeh, Amir; Soleymani, Soodabeh; Mozafari, Babak; Fotuhi, M.

doi:10.1007/s00202-020-00944-5

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…With expansion of power system, researchers are utilizing the concept of interconnected tie-line power system with more than one area (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) . Over a few years, artificial intelligence creates interest and help in solving various practical problems of power system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Jaya Based Automatic Generation Control of Two Area Interconnected Power System with nonlinearity

Gupta¹,

Arora²

2022

IJST

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Background: This paper presents a novel approach to design and optimize Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller for Automatic Generation Control (AGC) of two-area interconnected power system with different energy sources. Methods: The two area interconnected power system consists of thermal, hydro and wind energy sources in the area-1 and area-2 comprises thermal, hydro and diesel energy sources. The recently developed Jaya Optimization technique is explored to optimize PID controller parameters for the interconnected power system by Matlab. Findings: The dynamic responses of power system is studied including the non-linearities like Governor Dead band (GDB), Generation Rate Constraint (GRC) and boiler dynamics under 1% step load perturbation. Novelty and applications The beauty of Jaya algorithm is that it works with only few control parameters as compared with other algorithms which help in improving dynamic responses and performance values of power system with non-linearities. Hence, the frequency stability is achieved at faster convergence at loads. The comparative analysis of proposed technique with other techniques like Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm and Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm for the same power system justify the effectiveness of proposed approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Jaya Based Automatic Generation Control of Two Area Interconnected Power System with nonlinearity

Gupta¹,

Arora²

2022

IJST

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“…Hence, to mitigate this, energy storage systems (ESSs) like battery systems (BS), flywheel energy storage (FES), capacitive energy systems (CES), superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), ultra-capacitor (UC), and redox flow batteries (RFBs) can be integrated to ensure that power is delivered to the load continuously while maintaining a low system cost. 30,31 Tasnin et al 25 have presented the benefits of adding ESS in multi-area AGC studies and compared the dynamic system responses with BS, FES, CES, SMES, UC, and RFB. Also, the authors in Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 The HVDC link prevents cascading outages and maintains constant power control among the interconnected areas. 25 The authors in Refs. 25-27 utilized the first-order transfer function of the HVDC link in the AGC studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 The authors in Refs. 25-27 utilized the first-order transfer function of the HVDC link in the AGC studies. Later on, the authors in Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be accomplished by adding a high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) link in parallel to the AC link 24 . The HVDC link prevents cascading outages and maintains constant power control among the interconnected areas 25 . The authors in Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of partial loading on a three‐area hydro‐thermal system integrated with realistic dish‐Stirling solar thermal system, accurate model of high‐voltage direct link considering virtual inertia and energy storage systems

Bhagat

Saikia

Babu

2021

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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This article presents the studies of automatic generation control (AGC) on a three-area hydro-thermal system under various loading conditions. The study at various loading conditions is investigated because the model parameter of steam and hydro depend on their generation schedule. A maiden attempt has been made to design a three degree of freedom tilt integral derivative (3DOF-TID) controller as a secondary controller. Its gains are optimized using a novel bird swarm algorithm (BSA). Comparison of dynamic responses in a hydrothermal system with the proposed 3DOF-TID reveals better performance over 2DOF-TID, 2DOF-PID controllers. It is also explored that the dynamic system responses are improved in thermal power plants and deteriorate in the hydropower plants when loading increases from its nominal values. Moreover, the dynamic system responses are analysed with the realistic dish-Stirling solar thermal system (RDSTS) considering fixed and random solar insolations. The comparative analysis suggests that RDSTS with fixed insolation enhances system dynamics by 5.72% over random insolation. Further, the comparison of dynamic responses of the system with AC tie-line and parallel AC/accurate high-voltage direct (AHVDC) tie-lines reveals that the system dynamics are improved with the parallel AC/AHVDC tie-lines. Furthermore, the inertia is emulated in the parallel AC/AHVDC tie-line using capacitive energy storage (CES), super magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems, and redox flow battery (RFB). Simulations show that the inertia emulated hydro-thermal-RDSTS List of Symbols and Abbreviations: ESS, energy storage systems; B i , frequency bias factor of ith area; FSDS, fixed speed DSTS system; ΔF i , frequency deviation of ith area; GRC, generation rate constraint; G, gate; GHA, grasshopper algorithm; HHO, Harris Hawks optimization; T ghi , mechanical governor time constant of ith area; K DSTs , T DSTS , gain and time constant of DSTS; K CESi , T CESi , gain and time constant of CES; K SMESi , T SMESi , gain and time constant of SMES; K RFBi , T RFBi , gain and time constant of RFB; K Psi , power system inertia gain of ith area; NS, not settled; US, under shoot; TF, transfer function; RDSTS, realistic DSTS; ΔP tiei-j , tie-power deviation of from ith to jth area; R i , speed regulation of ith area; T di1, T di2 , time constant of FSDS; i, area number (i = 1,2, and 3); T pi , power system time constant of ith area; T wi , hydro turbine time constant of ith area; T SCi , steam turbine time constant of ith area; T RH , reheater time constant; T ij , synchronizing coefficient from ith to jth area; T pi , power system time constant of ith area; T co , cross-over time constant; T gi , speed governor time constant of ith area; VSC, voltage source converter; AHVDC, accurate model of high-voltage direct link; OS, overshoot; ST, settling time; DSTS, dish-Stirling solar thermal system; BSA, bird swarm algorithm.

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Maximum sensitivity-constrained coefficient diagram method-based PIDA controller design: application for load frequency control of an isolated microgrid

Kumar

Hote

2021

Electr Eng

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Integrated multi-area power system with HVDC tie-line to enhance load frequency control and automatic generation control

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

A Novel Jaya Based Automatic Generation Control of Two Area Interconnected Power System with nonlinearity

A Novel Jaya Based Automatic Generation Control of Two Area Interconnected Power System with nonlinearity

Effect of partial loading on a three‐area hydro‐thermal system integrated with realistic dish‐Stirling solar thermal system, accurate model of high‐voltage direct link considering virtual inertia and energy storage systems

Maximum sensitivity-constrained coefficient diagram method-based PIDA controller design: application for load frequency control of an isolated microgrid

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