Integrated Micro Space Electrostatic Field in Aqueous Zn‐Ion Battery: Scalable Electrospray Fabrication of Porous Crystalline Anode Coating

Abstract

The inhomogeneous consumption of anions and direct contact between electrolyte and anode during the Zn-deposition process generate Zn-dendrites and side reactions that can aggravate the space-charge effect to hinder the practical implementation of zinc-metal batteries (ZMBs). Herein, electrospray has been applied for the scalable fabrication (> 10 000 cm 2 in a batchexperiment) of hetero-metallic cluster covalent-organicframeworks (MCOF-Ti 6 Cu 3 ) nanosheet-coating (MNC) with integrated micro space electrostatic field for ZMBs anode protection. The MNC@Zn symmetric cell presents ultralow overpotential ( � 72.8 mV) over 10 000 cycles at 1 mAh cm À 2 with 20 mA cm À 2 , which is superior to bare Zn and state-of-the-art porous crystalline materials. Theoretical calculations reveal that MNC with integrated micro space electrostatic field can facilitate the deposition-kinetic and homogenize the electric field of anode to significantly promote the lifespan of ZMBs.

Metallic Particles‐Induced Surface Reconstruction Enabling Highly Durable Zinc Metal Anode

“…As revealed by DFT calculations (Figure S18, Supporting Information), indium-tin alloys exhibit higher hydrogen adsorption free energy (0.69 vs 0.51 eV) compared to Zn, indicating a higher difficulty for hydrogen evolution from the surface of indium-tin alloys. [40,41] The hydrogen evolution reaction on the surface of Zn anode is further reflected by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), shown in Figure 5e. Under the current density of 10 mA cm −2 , the overpotential of bare Zn anode is −1.686 V, much higher than InSnRZn anode (−1.881 V).…”

Balancing Interfacial Reactions through Regulating p‐Band Centers by an Indium Tin Oxide Protective Layer for Stable Zn Metal Anodes

“…Aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) are considered among the most promising candidates for the next generation post‐lithium batteries due to their low‐cost, reliable safety, and scalable production [1–6] . Metallic zinc (Zn) as an anode has many inherent advantages such as high specific capacity (820 mAh g −1 ) and volumetric capacity (5857 mAh L −1 ), reasonable redox potential (−0.76 V vs standard hydrogen electrode), and low cost (2.4 USD kg −1 ) [7–9] . However, the deposition of Zn anodes in mild aqueous electrolyte suffers from Zn dendrites, parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and irreversible by‐products, which cause poor stability and low Coulombic efficiency (CE) [10–12] .…”

Post‐Nickelation of a Crystalline Trinuclear Copper Organic Framework for Synergistic Photocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Conversion

“…[8] In this direction, the chemistry of COFs and metal-organic framework (MOFs) has been demonstrated to generate interesting frameworks materials with both coordination linkages and covalent linkages. [9] However, investigations over fabrication of heterometallic COFs and mixed linkage frameworks still remain extremely rare, limited to PAE-NiCuPcF8, NiPc-NH-CoPcF 8 , [3h] CuPcF 8 -CoNPc, CdS@COF, and MCOF-Ti 6 Cu 3 [9e] afforded through the pre-design synthesis by directly integrating two coordination modules possessing different metal ions together, [10] NiÀ Ir@Tp-Bpy via PSM, [3k] and ReCoCOF by combination of pre-design synthesis with PSM, [11] to the best of our knowledge.…”