Integrated Metabolomics Approach Reveals the Dynamic Variations of Metabolites and Bioactivities in Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’ Leaves during Development

Abstract

Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’ is widely cultivated in China for its ornamental, medicinal, and edible properties. The whole plant of tree peony is rich in bioactive substances, while the comprehensive understanding of metabolites in the leaves is limited. In this study, an untargeted metabolomics strategy based on UPLC-ESI-TOF-MS was conducted to analyze the dynamic variations of bioactive metabolites in P. ostii ‘Feng Dan’ leaves during development. A total of 321 metabolites were rapidly annotated based on the GNPS platform, in-house database, and publications. To accurately quantify the selected metabolites, a targeted method of HPLC-ESI-QQQ-MS was used. Albiflorin, paeoniflorin, pentagalloylglucose, luteolin 7-glucoside, and benzoylpaeoniflorin were recognized as the dominant bioactive compounds with significant content variations during leaf development. Metabolite variations during the development of P. ostii ‘Feng Dan’ leaves are greatly attributed to the variations in antioxidant activities. Among all tested bacteria, the leaf extract exhibited exceptional inhibitory effects against Streptococcus hemolytis-β. This research firstly provides new insights into tree peony leaves during development. The stages of S1–S2 may be the most promising harvesting time for potential use in food or pharmaceutical purposes.

Metabolite Profiling and Biological Activity Assessment of Paeonia ostii Anthers and Pollen Using UPLC-QTOF-MS

“…The content of total flavonoid was lower than that of total phenolic, which is consistent with previous reports [19]. Comparing the TPC and TFC of P. ostii anthers, petals, and leaves, the anther had the lowest TPC and the highest TFC [3,20]. Therefore, the flavonoids in peony anthers, especially the pollen, have great development value.…”