Integrated membrane distillation–crystallization: Process design and cost estimations for seawater treatment and fluxes of single salt solutions

Creusen, R.J.M.; Medevoort, J. van; Roelands, C.P.M.; Duivenbode, J.A.D. van Renesse van; Hanemaaijer, J.H.; Leerdam, R.C. van

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2013.02.013

Cited by 73 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The liquid entry pressure (LEP) is the minimum pressure at which water wets the membrane 7 pores. The method to determine the LEP is described by Khayet et al [45].…”

Section: Liquid Entry Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, membrane distillation research is shifting from seawater desalination towards treatment of more concentrated solutions like brines, waste streams and recuperation of valuable components in the chemical, pharmaceutical and food industry [3]- [5]. These streams are out of the scope of reverse osmosis [2] and often membrane distillation is applied in combination with a crystallization step [5]- [7]. Research on treatment of these concentrates with membrane distillation focuses mainly on feasibility of the technique, prevention of scaling and control of the crystal formation [8]- [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of membrane thickness and process conditions on direct contact membrane distillation at different salinities

Eykens

Hitsov

Sitter

et al. 2016

Journal of Membrane Science

148

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Membrane distillation is an emerging thermal membrane technology for the separation of salts and other non-volatile inclusions from water streams. The process offers a solution for the treatment of concentrated solutions, which are out of the scope of reverse osmosis. However, only few studies focused on the optimal membrane properties and operational conditions in the high concentration regime. In this paper, membranes with variations in thickness, porosity and structure are experimentally investigated in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) as well as simulated, using the Dusty Gas Model. Operational conditions, including the temperature difference over the membrane, the flow velocity and the feed stream salinity up to saturation are varied. It is confirmed that for pure water, thinner membranes show higher fluxes, while energy efficiency is unaffected by membrane thickness. At higher salinities, an optimal membrane thickness depending on membrane parameters and process conditions exists. The optimal membrane thickness is calculated in this article for concentrations of NaCl ranging from 0 up to 320 g/l and variations in bulk temperature difference and flow velocities for four different membranes. In this paper, membranes with thickness ranging from 20 -188 μm, variations in porosity and different structure are experimentally investigated and simulated using the Dusty Gas Model.Multiple process conditions are used for exploring the entire solubility range of NaCl. In addition, the optimal membrane thickness is computed, depending on process conditions and membrane structure. Furthermore, guidelines are proposed for the choice of membrane and operational conditions to optimize the DCMD process.All the authors mutually agree on submitting our manuscript to Journal of Membrane Science and the manuscript is an original work of the authors. Moreover, none of the work described in this manuscript has been submitted earlier to Journal of Membrane Science. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 INFLUENCE OF MEMBRANE THICKNESS AND PROCESS CONDITIONS ON DIRECT CONTACT MEMBRANE DISTILLATION AT DIFFERENT SALINITIES AbstractMembrane distillation is an emerging thermal membrane technology for the separation of salts and other non-volatile inclusions from water streams. The process offers a solution for the treatment of concentrated solutions, which are out of the scope of reverse osmosis.However, only few studies focused on the optimal membrane properties and operational conditions in the high concentration regime. In this paper, membranes with variations in thickness, porosity and structure are experimentally investigated in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) as well as simulated, using the Dusty Gas Model. Operational conditions, including the temperature difference over the membrane, the flo...

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“…The liquid entry pressure (LEP) is the minimum pressure at which water wets the membrane 7 pores. The method to determine the LEP is described by Khayet et al [45].…”

Section: Liquid Entry Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of membrane thickness and process conditions on direct contact membrane distillation at different salinities

Eykens

Hitsov

Sitter

et al. 2016

Journal of Membrane Science

148

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show abstract

“…Apart from the above processes, newer processes such as SAL-PROC also exist where brine is sequentially crystallized using both evaporation and chemical processing [16]. More recently, membrane distillation (MD) has emerged as an alternative technology for an integrated brine concentration and crystallization process due to its ability to handle highly concentrated feed water [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic analysis of brine management methods: Zero-discharge desalination and salinity-gradient power production

et al. 2017

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Growing desalination capacity worldwide has made management of discharge brines an increasingly urgent environmental challenge. An important step in understanding how to choose between different brine management processes is to study the energetics of these processes. In this paper, we analyze two different ways of managing highly saline brines. The first method is complete separation with production of salts (i.e., zero-discharge desalination or ZDD). Thermodynamic limits of the ZDD process were calculated. This result was applied to the state-of-the-art industrial ZDD process to quantify how close these systems are to the thermodynamic limit, and to compare the energy consumption of the brine concentration step to the crystallization step. We conclude that the brine concentration step has more potential for improvement compared to the crystallization step. The second brine management method considered is salinity-gradient power generation through pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO), which utilizes the brine's high concentration to produce useful work while reducing its concentration by mixing the brine with a lower salinity stream in a controlled manner. We model the PRO system coupled with a desalination system using a detailed numerical optimization, which resulted in about 0.42 kWh/m 3 of energy saving.

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“…Já foram realizados estudos teórico-experimentais explorando a dessalinização com sais simples (Creusen et al, 2013), mistura de sais (Li et al, 2016), efluentes sintético e natural (Wu et al, 1991;Drioli et al, 2004) e água do mar (Ji et al, 2010).…”

Section: Lista De Tabelasunclassified

“… condições fluidodinâmicas visando limitar e controlar a camada de incrustação por cisalhamento (Tun et al, 2005;Creusen et al, 2013;Edwie e Chung, 2013).…”

Section: Características Do Processounclassified

Estudo dos fundamentos de cristalização assistida por destilação com membranas em aplicação de dessalinização de água.

Nariyoshi¹

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Integrated membrane distillation–crystallization: Process design and cost estimations for seawater treatment and fluxes of single salt solutions

Cited by 73 publications

References 12 publications

Influence of membrane thickness and process conditions on direct contact membrane distillation at different salinities

Influence of membrane thickness and process conditions on direct contact membrane distillation at different salinities

Thermodynamic analysis of brine management methods: Zero-discharge desalination and salinity-gradient power production

Estudo dos fundamentos de cristalização assistida por destilação com membranas em aplicação de dessalinização de água.

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