Integrated hypothesis of dental caries and periodontal diseases

Nyvad, Bente; Takahashi, Nobuhiro

doi:10.1080/20002297.2019.1710953

Cited by 125 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 108 publications

(134 reference statements)

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“…ecological characteristics such as conditions of anaerobiosis and chronic in ammation being present in the local periodontal environment [34,35]. Taken together with a recent theory suggesting that frequent carbohydrate consumption may induce in ammation in the periodontal tissues [36], our nding that periodontitis as perturbation impairs carbohydrate metabolism of the plaque microbiota, provides a possible explanation as to why excessive carbohydrate intake may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Interestingly, periodontitis is linked with medical disorders such as type 2 diabetes, with conditions of systemic low-grade in ammation as the immediate communality [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Ecological Perturbations Impact Species-Specific Gene Expression of the Oral Microbiota

Belstrøm¹,

Constancias²,

Drautz–Moses³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The purpose of the present investigation was to use the oral cavity as an in-vivo model to study the impact of internal and external perturbations on bacterial biofilm communities. We tested the hypotheses that bacterial gene expression of the healthy microbiota reflects habituation to site-specific ecological perturbations, and that the perturbation effect of chronic inflammation, i.e. periodontitis, impacts bacterial gene expression not only locally, but also at other sites of the oral cavity. Oral microbial samples were collected from three oral sites – plaque, tongue and saliva from patients with periodontitis and healthy controls. Paired metagenomics and metatranscriptomics were used to perform concomitant characterization of taxonomic composition and to determine species specific bacterial activity as expressed by the ratio of messenger RNA to the corresponding genomic DNA.Results: Here we show the impact of two perturbations – oral site and periodontitis - on bacterial gene expression of the oral microbiota. The oral site was the main determinant of taxonomic composition as well as bacterial gene expression. However, bacterial activity at the three oral sites (plaque, tongue, and saliva) was significantly impacted by periodontitis, with a reduction of the carbohydrate metabolism.Conclusions: Data from the present study characterize the impact of two perturbations – oral site and periodontitis - on bacterial gene expression of the oral microbiota. The oral site was the main determinant of taxonomic composition as well as bacterial gene expression. However, presence of periodontitis had impact on bacterial activity of both plaque but also on tongue and the salivary microbiota. Collectively, data suggest that periodontitis associates with impaired carbohydrate metabolism of the oral microbiota. Future longitudinal and interventional studies are warranted to evaluate the potential pathogenic role of impaired bacterial carbohydrate metabolism not only in periodontitis, but also in other diseases with low grade inflammation, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Ecological Perturbations Impact Species-Specific Gene Expression of the Oral Microbiota

Belstrøm¹,

Constancias²,

Drautz–Moses³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nutrition can influence the oral biofilm composition and thus, the onset of oral diseases. Specifically, the content of fermentable carbohydrates is crucial in the process of cariogenic demineralisation [21]. However, recent studies also showed an influence of sugar on gingival inflammation which might be etiologically related to both local and systemic effects like elevated blood sugar [22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm—Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability

et al. 2020

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The influence of a change in nutrition on the oral microbiota are discussed in literature, but usually only changes of population mean values are reported. This paper introduces simple methods to also analyse and report the variability of patients’ reactions considering data from the culture analysis of oral biofilm. The framework was illustrated by an experimental study exposing eleven participants to different nutrition schemes in five consecutive phases. Substantial inter-individual variations in the individual reactions were observed. A new coherence index made it possible to identify 14 instances where the direction of individual changes tended to coincide with the direction of the mean change with more than 95% probability. The heterogeneity in variability across different bacteria species was limited. This allowed us to develop recommendations for sample sizes in future studies. For studies measuring the concentration change of bacteria as a reaction to nutrition change, the use of replications and analysis of the variability is recommended. In order to detect moderate effects of a change in nutrition on the concentration of single bacterial taxa, 30 participants with three repetitions are often adequate. Insights into the relationship between nutrition and the microbial composition can be helpful for the development of dietary habits that promote the establishment of a healthy microbial flora and can therefore prevent the initiation of oral diseases such as caries and periodontitis.

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“…Modern life, regular healthy diet, and sugar consumption affect the oral microbiome resulting in a dysbiosis which disturbs the ecologically balanced biofilm that can cause diseases in the oral or other tissues. 24,25 For example, periodontal disease can increase the risk of diabetes [26][27][28] , and musculo-tendinous overuse injuries are prevalent in people with type 2 diabetes. 29 Periodontal disease has been shown to impair muscle recovery in an animal experimental model.…”

Section: Periodontal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The European Association for Sports Dentistry, Academy for Sports Dentistry, European College of Sports and Exercise Physicians consensus statement on sports dentistry integration in sports medicine

Stamos¹,

Mills

Malliaropoulos³

et al. 2020

Dental Traumatology

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The European Association for Sports Dentistry (EA4SD) and the Academy for Sports Dentistry (ASD) are strongly committed to the development of sports dentistry and its integration into sports medicine by shaping policies at international levels regarding the development, research, and education of sports dentistry. The European College of Sports and Exercise Physicians (ECOSEP) promotes the highest standards in sports medicine, by supporting public health and implementing prevention and therapy of sports-related

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Integrated hypothesis of dental caries and periodontal diseases

Cited by 125 publications

References 108 publications

Ecological Perturbations Impact Species-Specific Gene Expression of the Oral Microbiota

Ecological Perturbations Impact Species-Specific Gene Expression of the Oral Microbiota

Analysing the Relationship between Nutrition and the Microbial Composition of the Oral Biofilm—Insights from the Analysis of Individual Variability

The European Association for Sports Dentistry, Academy for Sports Dentistry, European College of Sports and Exercise Physicians consensus statement on sports dentistry integration in sports medicine

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