Integrated Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: A Case Study of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Humans and Wildlife

Ross, Peter S.; Birnbaum, Linda S.

doi:10.1080/727073292

Cited by 69 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…As a result of widespread global contamination of chemical contaminants (Ogata et al 2009;Ross and Birnbaum 2010) and plastic debris (Thompson et al 2004;Barnes et al 2009;Browne et al 2011), marine plastic debris is recovered globally with measurable amounts of POPs (e.g. polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), PAHs and PBDEs) and other persistent bioaccumulative and toxic substances (PBTs) (e.g.…”

Section: The Accumulation Of Chemicals On Plastic Debris In the Marinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complex Mixture, Fate and Toxicity of Chemicals Associated with Plastic Debris in the Marine Environment

Rochman

2015

Marine Anthropogenic Litter

225

191

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For decades we have learned about the physical hazards associated with plastic debris in the marine environment, but recently we are beginning to realize the chemical hazards. Assessing hazards associated with plastic in aquatic habitats is not simple, and requires knowledge regarding organisms that may be exposed, the exposure concentrations, the types of polymers comprising the debris, the length of time the debris was present in the aquatic environment (affecting the size, shape and fouling) and the locations and transport of the debris during that time period. Marine plastic debris is associated with a 'cocktail of chemicals', including chemicals added or produced during manufacturing and those present in the marine environment that accumulate onto the debris from surrounding seawater. This raises concerns regarding: (i) the complex mixture of chemical substances associated with marine plastic debris, (ii) the environmental fate of these chemicals to and from plastics in our oceans and (iii) how this mixture affects wildlife, as hundreds of species ingest this material in nature. The focus of this chapter is on the mixture of chemicals associated with marine plastic debris. Specifically, this chapter discusses the diversity of chemical ingredients, byproducts of manufacturing and sorbed chemical contaminants from the marine environment among plastic types, the role of marine plastic debris as a novel medium for environmental partitioning of chemical contaminants in the ocean and the toxic effects that may result from plastic debris in marine animals.

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Section: The Accumulation Of Chemicals On Plastic Debris In the Marinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complex Mixture, Fate and Toxicity of Chemicals Associated with Plastic Debris in the Marine Environment

Rochman

2015

Marine Anthropogenic Litter

225

191

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show abstract

“…Because cetaceans are long-lived apex predators with extensive fat stores, they accumulate persistent organic pollutants (POPs)-including brominated flame retardants, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and associated compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), chlorobenzenes, and chlordanes-from lower trophic level prey (Ross 2006;Ross and Birnbaum 2003;Yordy et al 2010). Causal links have been described between POPs exposure and immunological, endocrine, and reproductive disorders in cetaceans (Aguilar and Borrell 1994;Lahvis et al 1995;Jepson et al 1999;Schwacke et al 2002;Hall et al 2006).…”

Section: Chemical Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Mammals of the Gulf of Mexico

Würsig

2017

Habitats and Biota of the Gulf of Mexico: Before the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

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“…Environmental exposure to organochlorines in the Michalovce district indicates association with higher rates of certain cancers and increased prevalence of thyroid disorders (Trnovec et al, 2004). The immune system is particularly vulnerable to POP toxicity, with observations of thymus atrophy and reduced T-lymphocyte functions (Ross and Birnbaum, 2001). POP are associated with changes in lymphocyte proliferation that could result in increased susceptibility to infections (Levin et al, 2005).…”

Section: Journal Of Immunotoxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The kinetics of cell surface receptor expression in children perinatally exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls

Horváthová

Jahnová

Palkovičová

et al. 2011

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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Integrated Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: A Case Study of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Humans and Wildlife

Cited by 69 publications

References 70 publications

The Complex Mixture, Fate and Toxicity of Chemicals Associated with Plastic Debris in the Marine Environment

The Complex Mixture, Fate and Toxicity of Chemicals Associated with Plastic Debris in the Marine Environment

Marine Mammals of the Gulf of Mexico

The kinetics of cell surface receptor expression in children perinatally exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls

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