Integrated, Highly Flexible, and Tailorable Thermoelectric Type Temperature Detectors Based on a Continuous Carbon Nanotube Fiber

Abstract

devices such as thermocouples, optic pyrometers, and resistance temperature detectors. [1][2][3][4] A variety of temperature detectors with high sensitivity and high stability have been exploited to meet diverse demands. A traditional thermocouple is made of two different metals or alloys. [5][6][7] When the junction of a thermocouple is heated or cooled, the potential difference between the Fermi levels of the two materials changes and is used for temperature detection. However, metallic materials are easy to be oxidized in corrosive environment, causing a decrease in detection accuracy and even a failure of detection. For this reason, ceramic materials, such as carbides, silicides, and conductive oxides, have been developed for temperature measurement in corrosive environment. [8] However, hard ceramic materials is difficult to adapt to an irregular surface of a heat source, and the measurement error could be large due to the loose contact between the detector and the surface. In order to meet the requirements of temperature detection on tortuous surface and under corrosive environment, it is indispensible to develop a thermocouple with high flexibility and high corrosion resistance.It is well known that thermocouples based on the Seebeck effect are made up of p-type and n-type materials. That is,The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under

Weavable thermoelectrics: advances, controversies, and future developments

“…Among them, thermoelectric fibers with typical 1D macroscopic morphologies have garnered significant research attention. These fibers include carbon-based materials (such as CNTs) [43,[122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130], organic conducting polymers (such as PEDOT:PSS) [131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147], and some inorganic materials (such as core-shell structured thermoelectric fibers) [148][149][150][151]. Composite fibers have also been extensively studied, including composites of carbon and organic materials [42,[152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161], carbon and nano-inorganic materials [162], and composites of organic materials as matrices with nanoinorganic materials as fillers [163][164...…”

“…In recent years, the mostly focused carbon-based weavable thermoelectric materials are p-and n-type CNT fibers or yarns [122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130]. To illustrate the progress of carbon-based weavable thermoelectrics, figure 4(a) shows the fabrication of SWCNT-based yarns with n-and p-type segments.…”

Multi‐Functional and Stretchable Thermoelectric Bi2Te3 Fabric for Strain, Pressure, and Temperature‐Sensing

“…Thermoelectric (TE) materials that can transform the temperature gradient into an electrical output voltage or vice versa have emerged as key materials for fabricating multi-functional fibers. TE fibers can harvest electrical energy from human body heat [9][10][11][12][13] and can detect changes in temperature and posture [14][15][16][17][18][19] through output voltage and resistance, respectively.…”

Smart Textile Optoelectronics for Human‐Interfaced Logic Systems

“…[ 13–18 ] In comparison, textile is an ideal platform for designing human‐integrated optoelectronics owing to the following desirable advantages: [ 19–30 ] i) textile platforms with diverse functional fibers and programmable structures offer scalable opportunities to design various functional optoelectronic systems with a freedom of form factor, unlimited scalability, and high upgradability after systemization; ii) can conformally interface with various parts of the human body for accurately collecting massive and useful acoustic, optoelectrical, biochemical, and biologic signals coming from humans and environments in daily life; iii) capable of undergoing arbitrary complex deformation (e.g., stretching, bending, and twisting) and various environments without degradation in service life; iv) possessing good sweat permeability, breathability, comfortability, and biocompatibility; and v) suitable for large‐scale fabrication and integration. In virtue of these desirable merits, smart textiles with various optoelectronic functions (e.g., photodetection, [ 31–36 ] health monitoring, [ 37–42 ] energy conversion, [ 43–47 ] displaying, [ 48–52 ] and neural interfaces) [ 53–56 ] have been designed to realize multi‐information collection and exchange between environments and human bodies. Unfortunately, these individual devices are hard to cooperate and interact with each other, failing to deal with complex tasks such as multi‐modal computation, data storage, and effective logic control.…”