“…We estimated the uncertainty associated with IGF and ECI using standard techniques to calculate the propagation of uncertainty, that is, the square root of the sum of the squared uncertainties (Genereux et al.,
2005):
where ε IGF (mm) is the uncertainty of the IGF and ε P , ε Q , and ε ET are the ratios of the uncertainties of the observed values of P, Q, and ET, respectively; ε P was estimated from observational errors and spatial variation as 14%. The observational error of P was assumed to be approximately 10% for tipping masses (McMillan et al.,
2012; Sago,
2008), and the spatial error was assumed to be approximately 10%. The source of ε Q was considered to be the errors in water level measurement and the water level‐discharge relationship equation.…”