Integrated Endotoxin Adsorption and Antibacterial Properties of Cationic Polyurethane Foams for Wound Healing

Abstract

Gram-negative bacteria, containing toxic proinflammatory and pyrogenic substances [endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)], can lead to infection and associated serious diseases, such as sepsis and septic shock. Development of antimicrobial materials with intrinsically endotoxin adsorption activity can prevent the release of bacterial toxic components while killing bacteria. Herein, a series of imidazolium-type polyurethane (PU) foams with antimicrobial properties were synthesized. The content effects of cationic moieties on the antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus as well as the endotoxin adsorption property were investigated. The obtained PU foams show slightly higher efficiency against two Gram-negative strains than for Gram-positive one and high absorbability of LPS. A wound healing test using P. aeruginosa and its isolated LPS-treated mice as the models further demonstrated that imidazolium-type PU foams combine both antibacterial and endotoxin adsorption properties and may have a potential application as an antimicrobial wound dressing in a clinical setting.

Functional Biomaterials for Treatment of Chronic Wound

“…Chitosan (CS)-based dressings have many advantages, including excellent degradability and compatibility; they are also non-toxic and exhibits excellent antibacterial activity (Wang et al, 2012). In short, antibacterial CS dressings can effectively improve the local microenvironment of a wound (Archana et al, 2013); Ding et al synthesized a series of polyurethane foam dressings with different cationic group contents, which showed antibacterial properties against both Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli (Ding Y. et al, 2019); the uniquely high surface area to volume ratio and high porosity of fiber and electrospun nanofiber scaffolds enable them to effectively simulate the microenvironment of the ECM. Thus, such scaffolds are widely used in tissue repair, including in antibacterial treatments for chronic wounds (Ranjbar-Mohammadi et al, 2016;Ding J. et al, 2019;Feng et al, 2019a;Zhang et al, 2019a,b).…”

Pathogenic roles and coping strategies of bacterial outer membrane vesicles in sepsis

“…入磷脂双分子层, 破坏细菌膜结构, 最终杀死细菌 [82,83] . [85] , 与OMVs的作 用时间为4 h(未发表数据) Figure 3 Scanning electron microscope images of P. aeruginosa OMVs after contacting with different polymers. (a) PET film; (b) cationic polymer film; (c), (d) imidazolium-type polyurethane foams before and after adsorption of OMVs for 4 h (unpublished).…”

“…(a) PET film; (b) cationic polymer film; (c), (d) imidazolium-type polyurethane foams before and after adsorption of OMVs for 4 h (unpublished). The antibacterial foam (containing 6 mmol imidazolium ionic diol, named Foam 3) has been demonstrated to have the endotoxin adsorption and removal for wound healing [85]…”

Dual functional β-peptide polymer-modified resin beads for bacterial killing and endotoxin adsorption

“…The cytotoxicity of beads was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay using NIH-3T3 cells [21]. Beads were first immersed in the DMEM culture medium at 37 °C for 24 h. extracts were then obtained and added into the wells of 96-well plate overnight containing the fibroblast solutions (~ 1×10 4 cell/well).…”

“…Endotoxins can activate complex immune effectors to generate a hyperinflammatory response and even provoke severe endotoxic shock and multiorgan dysfunction [14][15][16][17][18]. Therefore, multifunctional antibacterial materials are highly desirable for both efficient bacterial killing and biosafety considerations [19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”