“…Finite element analysis (FEA), especially 3D, offers a precise solution of the magnetic field distribution in electromagnetic devices, albeit its main disadvantage is time-consuming calculations (Wajnert and Tomczuk, 2017). Therefore, magnetic equivalent circuits (MECs) also called reluctance network models are still used in the design of electromagnetic devices (Pollanen et al , 2005; Li et al , 2008; Gieras et al , 2011), especially within optimization procedures (Waindok and Piekielny, 2016; Ren et al , 2017; Lee et al , 2018). In the paper (Pollanen et al , 2005), the MEC of an active magnetic bearing is presented, which factors in saturation of magnetic materials and leakage flux paths between poles of the stator.…”