Integrated Crop Management Practices Improve Grain Yield and Resource Use Efficiency of Super Hybrid Rice

Deng, Jun; Harrison, Matthew T.; Ye, Jiayu; Xiong, Xin; Fahad, Shah; Huang, Liying; Tian, Xiaohong; Zhang, Yunbo

doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.851562

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Shifts in the concentration ratio of NH 4 + –N and NO 3 – –N content change the response of rice cultivars to soil available N, where cultivars with modified root features and highly responsive to soil N pools show increased N accumulation than the cultivars less responsive to soil N pools and with low NUE. Coupled organic and inorganic N fertilizer application can increase the rice grain yield but essentially requires the genotype selection process through integrated approaches of japonica and indica rice varieties ( Farooq et al, 2021 ) via integrative progressive crop management that can improve NUE and other crop features in physiological and agronomic perspectives ( Fan et al, 2021 ; Deng et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Toward Eco-efficient N Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in nitrogen cycle and eco-efficient nitrogen management strategies in aerobic rice system

Farooq

Wang

Uzair³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is considered as a staple food for more than half of the global population, and sustaining productivity under a scarcity of resources is challenging to meet the future food demands of the inflating global population. The aerobic rice system can be considered as a transformational replacement for traditional rice, but the widespread adaptation of this innovative approach has been challenged due to higher losses of nitrogen (N) and reduced N-use efficiency (NUE). For normal growth and developmental processes in crop plants, N is required in higher amounts. N is a mineral nutrient and an important constituent of amino acids, nucleic acids, and many photosynthetic metabolites, and hence is essential for normal plant growth and metabolism. Excessive application of N fertilizers improves aerobic rice growth and yield, but compromises economic and environmental sustainability. Irregular and uncontrolled use of N fertilizers have elevated several environmental issues linked to higher N losses in the form of nitrous oxide (N2O), ammonia (NH3), and nitrate (NO3–), thereby threatening environmental sustainability due to higher warming potential, ozone depletion capacities, and abilities to eutrophicate the water resources. Hence, enhancing NUE in aerobic rice has become an urgent need for the development of a sustainable production system. This article was designed to investigate the major challenge of low NUE and evaluate recent advances in pathways of the N cycle under the aerobic rice system, and thereby suggest the agronomic management approaches to improve NUE. The major objective of this review is about optimizing the application of N inputs while sustaining rice productivity and ensuring environmental safety. This review elaborates that different soil conditions significantly shift the N dynamics via changes in major pathways of the N cycle and comprehensively reviews the facts why N losses are high under the aerobic rice system, which factors hinder in attaining high NUE, and how it can become an eco-efficient production system through agronomic managements. Moreover, it explores the interactive mechanisms of how proper management of N cycle pathways can be accomplished via optimized N fertilizer amendments. Meanwhile, this study suggests several agricultural and agronomic approaches, such as site-specific N management, integrated nutrient management (INM), and incorporation of N fertilizers with enhanced use efficiency that may interactively improve the NUE and thereby plant N uptake in the aerobic rice system. Additionally, resource conservation practices, such as plant residue management, green manuring, improved genetic breeding, and precision farming, are essential to enhance NUE. Deep insights into the recent advances in the pathways of the N cycle under the aerobic rice system necessarily suggest the incorporation of the suggested agronomic adjustments to reduce N losses and enhance NUE while sustaining rice productivity and environmental safety. Future research on N dynamics is encouraged under the aerobic rice system focusing on the interactive evaluation of shifts among activities and diversity in microbial communities, NUE, and plant demands while applying N management measures, which is necessary for its widespread adaptation in face of the projected climate change and scarcity of resources.

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Section: Toward Eco-efficient N Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in nitrogen cycle and eco-efficient nitrogen management strategies in aerobic rice system

Farooq

Wang

Uzair³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Rice is an important grain crop around the world. As the population increases, the demand for rice increases significantly, and improving rice yield is closely linked to food security (Deng et al, 2022; Guo et al, 2017). Although modern cultivation technology has significantly improved rice yield, the input mechanism for high‐yield and high‐efficiency cultivation of rice has become a hotspot of research (Gutierrez et al, 2019; Ram, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of cultivation practices on the metabolism of cytokinin and its correlation in rice production

Saud

Cai

et al. 2023

Food and Energy Security

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Cytokinin (CTK) has an important regulatory effect on plant morphology, physiology, and yield, and is one of the main factors regulating nitrogen absorption, transport, and metabolism. This paper reviews the research progress in nitrogen absorption, transport and metabolism, cytokinin synthesis, transport and signal transduction, etc., focusing on the physiological mechanisms by which CTK and nitrogen collaborate to regulate the root–shoot relationship and its impact on agronomic traits of crops. The synthesis of trans‐zeatin (tZ) and trans‐zeatin riboside (tZR) is generally regulated by root nitrogen, which is transported them to the sprouts, regulates nitrogen allocation and metabolism, and affects photosynthetic characteristics and yield. In young shoots, nitrogen upregulates the synthesis of isopentenyl, adenine (iP), and iP‐nucleoside (iPR) and transports to roots through the phloem, reducing nitrogen uptake and transport, affecting root morphology. Based on this, the role of, CTK in coordinating relationships between source repositories and enhancing injection. We conducted an analysis on how various cultivation methods impact CTK metabolism and its relationship with plant growth. Additionally, we discussed the challenges associated with applying CTK functions to paddy field production and suggested future research directions.

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“…A reasonable planting density can optimize rice population structure, canopy ventilation and light transmission, promote tiller number and plant growth, and then improve grain yield [7]. In any given year, the management conditions required to obtain maximum yields may differ due to genotype x environment x management interactions [8,9], suggesting that experiments to determine optimal management conditions should be conducted over the long term and across multiple sites [10]. In recent years, super hybrid rice has often been planted with low density due to its strong heterosis in rice production [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Agronomy Improves Super Hybrid Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency through Enhanced Post-Heading Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism

Deng

Harrison

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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The super hybrid rice breeding program in China has raised genetic yield ceilings through morphological improvements and inter-subspecific heterosis. Despite this, little information on the physiological basis underlying this yield transformation exists, and less so on the genotype x environment x management conditions enabling consistent yield gains. Here, we assess grain yield, photosynthetic physiology, and leaf carbon and nitrogen (N) metabolic properties of super rice (Y-liangyou900) under four management practices (i.e., zero-fertilizer control, CK; farmers’ practice, FP; high-yield and high-efficiency management, OPT1; and super-high-yield management, OPT2) using a field experiment conducted over five years. Grain yield and agronomic N use efficiency (AEN) of OPT2 were 15% and 10% higher than OPT1, and 30% and 78% higher than FP, respectively. The superior yields of OPT2 were attributed to higher source production capacity, that is, higher leaf photosynthetic rate, carbon metabolic enzyme activity (i.e., AGP and SPS), nitrogen metabolic enzyme activity (i.e., NR, GS, and GOGAT), soluble protein and sugar content, and delayed leaf senescence (the latter due to elevated activity of protective enzyme systems) during grain filling. The higher AEN of OPT2 was associated with higher activity of leaf carbon metabolic enzyme (i.e., AGP and SPS), nitrogen metabolic enzyme (i.e., NR, GS, GDH, and GOGAT) and protective enzyme (POD) after heading, and lower C/N ratio in grains. We conclude that optimized management (optimized water and fertilizer management with appropriate dense planting) improved grain yield and N use efficiency simultaneously by enhancing post-heading leaf carbon and N metabolism and delayed leaf senescence.

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Integrated Crop Management Practices Improve Grain Yield and Resource Use Efficiency of Super Hybrid Rice

Cited by 10 publications

References 56 publications

Recent trends in nitrogen cycle and eco-efficient nitrogen management strategies in aerobic rice system

Recent trends in nitrogen cycle and eco-efficient nitrogen management strategies in aerobic rice system

Influence of cultivation practices on the metabolism of cytokinin and its correlation in rice production

Optimizing Agronomy Improves Super Hybrid Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency through Enhanced Post-Heading Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism

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