Integrated Control of Root and Crown Rot in Sugar Beet: Combined Effects of Cultivar, Crop Rotation, and Soil Tillage

Abstract

Rhizoctonia solani (AG 2-2IIIB), causing root and crown rot in sugar beet, poses an increasing problem in Europe. Agronomic measures have to be optimized to control disease and minimize yield and quality loss, because no fungicides can be applied. Resistant sugar beet cultivars have been introduced to reduce disease occurrence. Furthermore, crop rotation can influence R. solani occurrence. In contrast to other cereals, maize serves as a host of the fungus. In order to study the combined effect of these factors, a series of four field trials was established with crop rotations varying in the proportion of maize and comparing a resistant with a susceptible sugar beet cultivar in 2001–02 in southern Germany. Within crop rotations, cultivation methods were varied in the form of soil tillage, intercrops, or both. Sugar beet cultivar and crop rotation had the main impact on disease severity and sugar yield. With increasing proportion of maize, sugar yield decreased, whereas cultivation method had only a minor impact. Plowing directly before sugar beet increased sugar yield only within the unfavorable maize-maize-sugar beet rotation compared with mulching. These results give strong evidence that crop rotation of sugar beet with nonhost plants and cultivation of resistant sugar beet cultivars are adequate means for integrated R. solani control.

Silage Maize and Sugar Beet for Biogas Production in Rotations and Continuous Cultivation: Dry Matter and Estimated Methane Yield

“…Anyway, this appeared in Harste to be dominant in one field replication and was boosted in Etzdorf by insufficient fungicide application. Moreover, yield losses can be caused by a possible infestation with Rhizoctonia solani or nematodes [23][24][25], too, which, however, was not observed during the years investigated. Nevertheless, our methodological approach confirmed the high pest infestation risk of sugar beet under continuous cultivation, supporting the general assumption that sugar beet requires cultivation in crop rotations.…”

Interaction of Sugarbeet Host Resistance and Rhizoctonia Solani Ag-2-2 Iiib Strains

“…dextranicum (Beijerinck) Garvie frequently invades the tissue, leading to 70% or more of the root being rotted (31,32,34,35). Because Rhizoctonia crown and root rot appears to be on the increase in a number of growing areas worldwide, developing management options for this disease is an important concern (4,5,10,22).…”

“…Management of Rhizoctonia crown and root rot with crop rotation (4,5,9,19,26,28) and fungicide applications (2,17,18,37,41) helps limit problems but unacceptable levels of rot still frequently occur (2). Host resistance would be the most desirable control measure (24), because it tends to be more cost effective than other approaches.…”

“…dextranicum (Beijerinck) Garvie frequently invades the tissue, leading to 70% or more of the root being rotted (31,32,34,35). Because Rhizoctonia crown and root rot appears to be on the increase in a number of growing areas worldwide, developing management options for this disease is an important concern (4,5,10,22).Management of Rhizoctonia crown and root rot with crop rotation (4,5,9,19,26,28) and fungicide applications (2,17,18,37,41) helps limit problems but unacceptable levels of rot still frequently occur (2). Host resistance would be the most desirable control measure (24), because it tends to be more cost effective than other approaches.…”

Influence of Rhizoctonia-Bacterial Root Rot Complex in Storability of Sugarbeet

“…increase in Europe and the United States (Bolton et al, 2010;Buddemeyer et al, 2004;Buhre et al, 2009;Führer Ithurrart et al, 2004;Ohkura et al, 2009;Strausbaugh and Gillen, 2009;Strausbaugh et al, 2011). In the Intermountain West (IMW) production area of Oregon and Idaho, Rhizoctonia root rot is accompanied by a bacterial root rot complex led by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp.…”