Integrated Capture and Conversion of CO₂ to Methanol in a Post‐Combustion Capture Solvent: Heterogeneous Catalysts for Selective CN Bond Cleavage

Abstract

An efficient and selective heterogeneous catalyst is identified for the condensed‐phase hydrogenation of captured CO2 in the presence of an advanced water‐lean post‐combustion capture solvent, (N‐(2‐EthoxyEthyl)‐3‐MorpholinoPropan‐1‐Amine), 2‐EEMPA. The catalysts commonly used for gas‐phase CO2 hydrogenation (e.g., Cu/Zn/Al2O3) cause deactivation of amine promoters via N‐methylation by CO cleavage of formamide intermediates. A heterogeneous catalyst system that suppresses N‐methylation of amine solvents is identified, demonstrating how Pt, supported by reducible metal oxides CeO2 or TiO2, can be selective for CN cleavage to produce methanol. This is the first known demonstration of integrated low‐temperature thermocatalytic capture and conversion of CO2 to methanol in an economically viable CO2 capture solvent. Technoeconomic analyses performed on the state‐of‐technology suggest that methanol can be produced with a minimum selling price of $4.4/gallon ($1,460/metric ton) when using CO2 captured from a 650 MW natural gas combined cycle plant. Ultimately, a road map of how realistic and achievable improvements to space velocity and methanol selectivity of this integrated process can enable near cost parity to fossil‐derived methanol, with a selling price of ≈$1.4/gal ($470/metric ton), is presented.

Cascaded de novo biosynthesis of lacto-proteins from CO2 by engineered Pichia pastoris

“…Current conversion of CO 2 to C1 or C2 substrates, 23–26 has been achieved by electrochemical and photoelectrochemical techniques. However, the reaction process is easily affected by electrode materials and requires a large amount of electrical energy, 27,28 resulting in low catalytic efficiency.…”

“…In addition, this catalyst also exhibited excellent stability during the continuous reaction, with a catalytic efficiency decrease of less than 10% after 3 days of catalysis. Current conversion of CO 2 to C1 or C2 substrates, [23][24][25][26] has been achieved by electrochemical and photoelectrochemical techniques. However, the reaction process is easily affected by electrode materials and requires a large amount of electrical energy, 27,28 resulting in low catalytic efficiency.…”

Phosphate assisted integrated carbon dioxide capture and conversion to methane

“…NaOH) are oen used as capture materials. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Both of these capture materials have their own merits and drawbacks when it comes to uses in industrial settings. Amines and polyamines allow for exible organic scaffolds to be embedded in the material to tailor and improve the performance, but there are oen associated with volatility and stability issues.…”

“…6,8,10 To date, ICCC technologies have not been extensively studied with heterogeneous catalysts. 9,11 Exploring that route could open up other pathways enabling the use of other capture reagents like phosphate salts, that are difficult to utilize in association with homogenous catalysts.…”

The Structure–Function Relationship of Branched Polyethylenimine Impregnated over Mesoporous Carbon Aerogels: An In-Depth Thermogravimetric Insight

“…The cost of DAC is estimated at 250–600 $/t CO 2 but could go down to 100 , −150 −200 $/t within 10 years . Still, this value is superior to the 40–50 $/t of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) at concentrated sources − or afforestation. , The US Department of Energy set a 10-year target below 100 $/t . Comparatively, at 85 $/barrel, 1 ton of CO 2 is released by burning 200 $ of oil.…”