Integrated Biomarker Response for Environmental Assessment Using the Gastropod Phorcus turbinatus along the Northern and the Northeastern Coasts of Tunisia

Abstract

This work aims to assess the spatial and temporal variations of four biomarkers activities and to integrate their biological responses in a battery using the gastropod Phorcus turbinatus. The monitoring was carried out during the period between April 2014 and January 2015 at six stations along the northern and the northeastern coasts of Tunisia. The Fulton condition factor was estimated and the activities of catalase, acetylcholinesterase and glutathione-S-transferase were evaluated by spectrophotometry. A multi-biomarker battery approach was used to assess ecosystems’ condition and to identify environmental impacts on the organisms. The results suggest that the enzymatic activities of CAT and GST depend especially on seasons. As for AChE activity, it was similar between seasons and stations. The values of the integrated biological response were maximal at Jarzouna in summer and at Sidi Daoued in winter, indicating the presence of severe stressors suffered by the organisms. This perturbation may be due to the enrichment of the waters by xenobiotics, namely polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, insecticides, phosphate wastes, PCBs and pesticides. Thus, P. turbinatus seems to be a good bioindicator of chemical pollution, constituting an adequate tool for a bio-monitoring program.

Evolutionary and Conservation Genetics

“…), not only (and not anymore) for the mere appreciation of biodiversity, but also to provide a support for the management and conservation of endangered species or species deemed potentially dangerous to the human health. Therefore, this Special Issue aimed to combine the contributions of researchers working globally in the field of evolutionary genetics/biology, population genetics, molecular taxonomy, and conservation genetics, in order to obtain a bulk of papers that underscore the importance of studying genetic variability in organisms for safeguarding biodiversity, in all ways it can be understood [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”