Integrated approaches to health

doi:10.3920/978-90-8686-875-9

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“… Milen Georgiev (EFSA SCER Unit) created a query-poll for the participants, asking 6 questions on how far participants' countries had developed 'One Health' approaches, based on a suggested conceptual assessment of 'One Health-ness' (Rüegg, SR et al, 2018;Chapter 3.5). The results are shown in Figure 1 below.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2021 EFSA/IZSAM Animal Health Crisis Preparedness Exercise with Mediterranean Countries

Calistri

D’Albenzio

Villa

et al. 2021

EFSA Supporting Publications

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In July 2021, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) jointly devised, developed and delivered an online workshop on animal health crisis preparedness with IZSAM, focusing on Rift Valley fever (RVF). The overall training objective was to improve incident response collaboration between animal and public health authorities from multiple countries, using a ‘One Health’ approach. The 4 specific exercise learning objectives were to test and improve skills in: (a) outbreak investigation; (b) prevention of RVF outbreaks; (c) control of RVF outbreaks; (d) identifying and communicating to affected stakeholders about RVF outbreaks. Workshop content was jointly developed by EFSA, IZSAM and Instinctif Partners, with input from ECDC, FAO, OIE, WHO and EC DG SANTE. Twenty‐seven participants from 6 EU Member States (MSs) and 3 EU candidate countries attended the training, as well as 12 observers from 3 EU MSs and 3 international organisations. Plenary and working group activities extended across 3 days, preceded by the availability of an online RVF eLearning package developed by IZSAM. During the morning of Day One, 8 presentations were provided on various topics: (a) ‘One Health’; (b) how EFSA and ECDC respond in urgent situations such as cross‐border threats of zoonotic disease emergences; (c) best practices in emergency risk communication; (d) examples of national‐level preparedness activities; (e) lessons learned from FAO RVF missions in Mauritania. From the afternoon of Day One to the morning of Day Three, a desktop discussion addressed the national and EU‐level responses that would ensue if RVF entered the EU, based on a fictional scenario. An additional presentation on Day Three reported on a recent RVF simulation exercise in Bulgaria. Concluding the event, subject matter experts provided interactive training on: (a) emergency response capacity building; (b) ‘One Health’; (c) risk communication. The objectives of the event were achieved, based on recorded outcomes and feedback provided by participants in a series of online evaluation surveys. In addition, discussions during the event generated several practical recommendations for future enhancements and improvements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cecile Aenishaenslin advised that the concept of a 'One Health' Survey (Rüegg, SR, et al, 2018;Chapter 3.5) is an excellent starting point to encourage government departments to take 'One Health' seriously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2021 EFSA/IZSAM Animal Health Crisis Preparedness Exercise with Mediterranean Countries

Calistri

D’Albenzio

Villa

et al. 2021

EFSA Supporting Publications

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“…Only one economic evaluation study was found (Zinsstag et al, 2007), with such information being crucial for decisionmakers to consider the cost and utility impacts of different biosecurity intervention. More cross-sectoral intervention evaluations that incorporate both epidemiological and economic impacts are needed to ensure efficient intervention selection (Rüegg et al, 2018).…”

Section: Summary Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of biosecurity interventions in reducing the transmission of bacteria from livestock to humans at the farm level: A systematic literature review

Youssef

Wieland²,

Knight

et al. 2021

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Zoonotic bacterial infections are a health hazard for people who are in regular contact with livestock at the farm level. Improved biosecurity can limit zoonotic pathogen transmission within farms. The aim of this review was to summarize the effectiveness of farm-level biosecurity interventions in reducing bacterial transmission from animals to people who lived, worked in or visited farms. A systematic literature review was conducted using Embase, Ovid Medline and Agris databases, which were searched on 7 th of July 2019, limited to English language papers but with no time exclusion criteria. A narrative synthesis was undertaken utilizing the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination approach, reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Risk of bias within and across the included studies was performed using established checklists. Out of 869 studies retrieved through database searches, 11 studies were selected. In addition, three studies were found through study reference lists. Fourteen studies were therefore included in this review. Biosecurity interventions were grouped into five categories: hand washing, sanitization and hygienic measures (six studies); personal protective equipment (five studies); vaccination (two studies); other interventions (e.g. air ventilation flap) (four studies); and routine farm activities (two studies). Across studies that investigated odds of human colonization or infection (three studies), odds were seen to both be increased and decreased through use of tested biosecurity measures. Large confidence intervals that often crossed the threshold of an odds ratio equal to 1 were found. Most of the studies' overall risk of bias was 'medium risk' (11 studies), with selection bias domains generally being scored 'medium risk.' Biosecurity interventions are potentially beneficial in reducing bacterial transmission from animals to humans. However, more high-quality evidence is needed to increase certainty in which interventions, in which contexts, are most effective from the human health perspective.

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“…Two evaluation tools were employed: a) the NEOH tool assesses the "One Health-ness" of initiatives with a catalogue of ∼80 semi-quantitative questions about knowledge integration (12). The tool was later scrutinised in a more generic context.…”

Section: Evaluation Tools Procedures and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the Checklist for One Health Epidemiological Reporting of Evidence (COHERE) a benchmark of reportable elements was stated that should promote the integration of knowledge from the domains of humans, animals and their environment (10). In another attempt, the EU COST Action (TD1404) "Network for Evaluation of One Health (NEOH)" characterised OH and proposed a framework to assess the added value of integrated approaches by comparing knowledge integration (assessed with a specific tool) to the outcomes achieved or expected from the theory of change of a given initiative (11,12). A method for evaluating knowledge integration capacity in multi-stakeholder governance (EVOLvINC) was derived from the NEOH tool in collaboration with experts from transdisciplinary research, sustainability sciences, and international development research (13,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Thinking and Citizen Participation Is Still Missing in One Health Initiatives – Lessons From Fifteen Evaluations

Berezowski

Dürr

Falzon

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Tackling complex public health challenges requires integrated approaches to health, such as One Health (OH). A key element of these approaches is the integration of knowledge across sectors, disciplines and stakeholders. It is not yet clear which elements of knowledge integration need endorsement to achieve best outcomes. This paper assesses 15 OH initiatives in 16 African, Asian and European countries to identify opportunities to improve knowledge integration and to investigate geographic influences on knowledge integration capacities. Two related evaluation tools, both relying on semi-quantitative questionnaires, were applied to two sets of case studies. In one tool, the questions relate to operations and infrastructure, while the other assigns questions to the three phases of “design,” “implementation,” and “evaluation” of the project life cycle. In both, the question scores are aggregated using medians. For analysis, extreme values were identified to highlight strengths and weaknesses. Seven initiatives were assessed by a single evaluator external to the initiative, and the other eight initiatives were jointly assessed by several internal and external evaluators. The knowledge integration capacity was greatest during the project implementation stage, and lowest during the evaluation stage. The main weaknesses pointing towards concrete potential for improvement were identified to be a lack of consideration of systemic characteristics, missing engagement of external stakeholders and poor bridging of knowledge, amplified by the absence of opportunities to learn and evolve in a collective process. Most users were unfamiliar with the systems approach to evaluation and found the use of the tools challenging, but they appreciated the new perspective and saw benefits in the ensuing reflections. We conclude that systems thinking and associated practises for OH require not only specific education in OH core competencies, but also methodological and institutional measures to endorse broad participation. To facilitate meta-analyses and generic improvement of integrated approaches to health we suggest including knowledge integration processes as elements to report according to the COHERE guidelines.

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Integrated approaches to health

Cited by 40 publications

References 68 publications

2021 EFSA/IZSAM Animal Health Crisis Preparedness Exercise with Mediterranean Countries

2021 EFSA/IZSAM Animal Health Crisis Preparedness Exercise with Mediterranean Countries

The effectiveness of biosecurity interventions in reducing the transmission of bacteria from livestock to humans at the farm level: A systematic literature review

System Thinking and Citizen Participation Is Still Missing in One Health Initiatives – Lessons From Fifteen Evaluations

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