Integrated and novel survey methods for rhinoceros populations confirm the extinction of Rhinoceros sondaicus annamiticus from Vietnam

Brook, Sarah; Groot, Peter van Coeverden de; Scott, C.; Boag, Peter T.; Long, Barney; Ley, Ruth E.; Reischer, Georg H.; Williams, A. Christy; Mahood, Simon P.; Hien, Tran Minh; Polet, Gert; Cox, Neil A.; Hai, Bach Thanh

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2012.06.008

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Goodwin et al (15) found that, in detection of the Spotted knapweed plant ( Centeurea maculosa ), human surveyors were more successful in locating large targets than small targets, whereas dogs were similarly successful in locating small and large targets. Brook et al (29) also showed that, while dogs were effective at locating the area in which Javan rhinoceros ( Rhinoceros sondaicus ) dung was located, human surveyors were much faster than dogs at visually locating dung. It was suggested that, even when rhinoceros dung was visible, dogs still relied predominantly on olfaction to locate the target.…”

Section: Biological Characteristics Likely To Affect Conservation Detmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Scent Detection Dogs in Conservation Settings: A Review of Scientific Literature Regarding Their Selection

2016

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Dogs are widely used for scent detection work, assisting in searches for, among other things, missing persons, explosives, and even cancers. They are also increasingly used in conservation settings, being deployed for a range of diverse purposes. Although scent detecting dogs have been used in conservation roles for over 100 years, it is only recently that the scientific literature has begun to document their effectiveness and, importantly, how suitable dogs should initially be selected by organizations wanting to develop a detection program. In this paper, we review this literature, with the aim of extracting information that might be of value to conservation groups considering whether to invest in the use of dogs. We conclude that selection of appropriate dogs is no easy task. While olfactory ability is critical, so also are a range of other characteristics. These include biological, psychological, and social traits. At present, no validated selection tools have been published. Existing organizations have adapted selection instruments from other contexts for their use, but very little published information is available regarding the effectiveness of these instruments in a conservation setting. In the absence of clear guidelines, we urge those wanting to invest in one or more dogs for conservation purposes to proceed with extreme caution and, preferably, under the watchful eyes of an experienced professional.

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Section: Biological Characteristics Likely To Affect Conservation Detmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Scent Detection Dogs in Conservation Settings: A Review of Scientific Literature Regarding Their Selection

2016

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“…This is worth an estimated USD20 billion a year globally (South and Wyatt, 2011) and is seemingly unsustainable in many cases. Declining populations of the tiger (Panthera tigris), Asian bear species, and the extirpation of the Javan rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus) in Vietnam in 2011, all high-value species subject to CITES strictest trade controls, demonstrate the impact this trade can have on wildlife populations (Abensperg-Traun, 2009;Brook et al, 2012). Similarly, poaching of rhino in Africa and volumes of elephant ivory in illegal trade are currently at record levels (Biggs et al, 2013;Underwood et al, 2013) and illicit trade is causing declines in populations of other mammals as well as birds, amphibians, reptiles, gastropods and marine fishes (e.g., Theile, 2005;Giles et al, 2006;Herrera and Hennessey, 2007;Lyons and Natusch, 2011;Birdlife, 2011 andRosen and, which raises fundamental questions about the efficacy and nature of current, regulatory interventions.…”

Section: Introduction and Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards informed and multi-faceted wildlife trade interventions

Challender

Harrop

MacMillan

2015

Global Ecology and Conservation

165

153

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a b s t r a c tInternational trade in wildlife is a key threat to biodiversity conservation. CITES, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, seeks to ensure international wildlife trade is sustainable, relying on trade bans and controls. However, there has been little comprehensive review of its effectiveness and here we review approaches taken to regulate wildlife trade in CITES. Although assessing its effectiveness is problematic, we assert that CITES boasts few measurable conservation successes. We attribute this to: non-compliance, an over reliance on regulation, lack of knowledge and monitoring of listed species, ignorance of market forces, and influence among CITES actors. To more effectively manage trade we argue that interventions should go beyond regulation and should be multi-faceted, reflecting the complexity of wildlife trade. To inform these interventions we assert an intensive research effort is needed around six key areas: (1) factors undermining wildlife trade governance at the national level, (2) determining sustainable harvest rates for, and adaptive management of CITES species, (3) gaining the buy-in of local communities in implementing CITES, (4) supply and demand based market interventions, (5) means of quantifying illicit trade, and (6) political processes and influence within CITES.

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“…Poaching, logging, and resource acquisition from these protected areas are a major issue. Many populations and species abundances throughout Vietnam have declined dramatically since the end of the U.S.-Vietnam war, some even to extinction, due to these pressures [30][31][32]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Impact of Human Influence on Species Distributions in Vietnam: A Case Study Using Babblers (Aves: Timaliidae)

Yohe

Flanders

Hoang³

et al. 2014

Tropical Conservation Science

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As developing countries give priority to economic growth, the effects of development threaten natural habitats and species distributions. Over the course of two decades, Vietnam has rapidly developed, especially in the expansion of agricultural production. However, no study has quantitatively measured the effects of recent human impact on the effects of past species distributions in Vietnam. We use locality data collected from multiple natural history collections, including several in Vietnam, to infer past species distributions. We assess habitat availability of five common babbler species (Aves: Timaliidae) using distribution models with data prior to rapid development that followed political reform. Overlaying the Global Human Influence Index with predicted distributions highlights the human impact on these distributions. Three important patterns emerge: (1) human impact influences common Timaliidae distributions similarly, (2) widespread species distributions show higher fragmentation due to human influence compared to narrowly distributed species in Vietnam, and (3) less than 20% of distributions overlap with nationally declared protected areas. We emphasize that conservation efforts should not only prioritize individual species, but also focus efforts on a regional scale, and that the use of museum data can be highly informative in conservation analyses. There are current obstacles to enforcing conservation of Vietnam's already fragmented habitats, but our results suggest there is still time to reevaluate conservation approaches.

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Integrated and novel survey methods for rhinoceros populations confirm the extinction of Rhinoceros sondaicus annamiticus from Vietnam

Cited by 38 publications

References 23 publications

Using Scent Detection Dogs in Conservation Settings: A Review of Scientific Literature Regarding Their Selection

Using Scent Detection Dogs in Conservation Settings: A Review of Scientific Literature Regarding Their Selection

Towards informed and multi-faceted wildlife trade interventions

Unveiling the Impact of Human Influence on Species Distributions in Vietnam: A Case Study Using Babblers (Aves: Timaliidae)

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