Integrated analysis of cooling water systems: Modeling and experimental validation

Cortinovis, Giorgia Francine; Ribeiro, Marcelo T.; Paiva, José Luís de; Song, Tah Wun; Pinto, José M.

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.04.008

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For the purposes of control, more detailed modelling will add robustness to the closed loop system by decreasing the difference between the actual plant and the controller plant model during both steady-state and dynamic transient conditions, as well as add degrees of freedom to be used by the controller. A cooling water system is mathematically complex due to the interaction between the thermodynamics and hydraulics [2,3]. Mathematical modelling of a cooling water network has been done by various researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic modelling of induced draft cooling towers with parallel heat exchangers, pumps and cooling water network

Viljoen

Muller

Craig

2018

Journal of Process Control

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In the process industries, cooling capacity is an important enabler for the facility to manufacture on specification product. The cooling water network is an important part of the overall cooling system of the facility. In this paper a cooling water circuit consisting of 3 cooling towers in parallel, 2 cooling water pumps in parallel, and 11 heat exchangers in parallel, is modelled. The model developed is based on first principles and captures the dynamic, non-linear nature of the plant. The modelled plant is further complicated by continuous, as well as Boolean process variables, giving the model a hybrid nature. Energy consumption is included in the model as it is a very important parameter for plant operation. The model is fitted to real industry data by using a particle swarm optimisation approach. The model is suitable to be used for optimisation and control purposes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic modelling of induced draft cooling towers with parallel heat exchangers, pumps and cooling water network

Viljoen

Muller

Craig

2018

Journal of Process Control

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“…Above ambient temperature, the recirculating cooling water system is the most common method to remove the process waste heat. Several methodologies have been reported in the literature for obtaining the optimal design of these heat rejection systems (i.e., Kim and Smith designed a cooling system considering all the components and the interactions between cooling water networks and the tower performance; Picón‐Núñez et al introduced a methodology for designing coolers including piping costs, exchanger costs and pumping costs; Costinovis et al presented an approach for the systematic performance analysis of a cooling water system; Ponce‐Ortega et al proposed an optimization for the simultaneous synthesis and detailed design of recirculating cooling water systems; Ponce‐Ortega et al incorporated a disjunctive programming formulation for the optimal design of cooling water systems; Ponce‐Ortega et al reported a MINLP model for synthesizing cooling networks; and Rubio‐Castro et al addressed a systematic approach for the synthesis of recirculating cooling water systems involving detailed design of cooling towers, and Rubio‐Castro et al applied this approach for reducing the temperatures of hot aqueous effluent streams). On the other hand, vapor‐compression refrigeration systems are commonly used to remove heat from process streams at subambient temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum heat storage design for solar‐driven absorption refrigerators integrated with heat exchanger networks

et al. 2013

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A methodology is presented for optimizing hybrid renewable energy-fossil fuel systems with short-term heat storage. The considered system is an absorption-refrigeration (AR) cycle integrated with a heat exchanger network (HEN) requiring cooling below ambient temperature. The AR cycle can be driven by multiple energy sources including excess energy from hot process streams, renewable energy sources (solar and biofuels), and fossil fuels. A two-step approach based on mixed integer nonlinear programming methods is used for the optimization. First, the problem of optimal energy integration in the hybrid energy system without heat storage is solved on a monthly basis by minimizing simultaneously the total annual cost and the overall greenhouse gas emissions. In the second step, the multi-tank thermal energy storage (TES) design problem is solved. The design involves the identification of the optimal number of storage tanks, their sizes, configuration and operation policies. The TES optimization is carried out on an hourly basis while incorporating the design targets determined by the first step. V C 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 909-930, 2014

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“…The authors also studied the importance of including the fouling model. Castro et al (2000), Cortinovis et al (2009a) and Cortinovis et al (2009b) attempted a holistic approach for synthesis of cooling water systems by considering the system as a whole. The authors developed mathematical models for optimization of heat exchanger network with parallel configuration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Debottlenecking Technique for Cooling Water Systems with Multiple Cooling Sources: Pressure Drop Consideration

Gololo¹,

Majozi²

2012

760: 761: 762: 763: The IASTED 2012 African Conferences

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Cooling water systems are traditionally designed with a set of cooling water using operations arranged in parallel. Recent research has shown that this design can be improved and the cooling water system can be debottlenecked by employing the cooling water reuse/recycle philosophy. However, this can leads to high cooling water network pressure drop which is associated with additional reuse/recycle streams. This paper presents a technique to debottleneck a cooling water system with multiple cooling towers while maintaining a minimum pressure drop. The technique is based on critical path algorithm (CPA) and superstructural approach. The superstructure explore the opportunity for cooling water reuse/recycle while the CPA select the cooling water network with minimum pressure drop. This technique was previously applied in cooling water systems with single source however, in this paper the technique is adapted for a cooling water systems with multiple cooling sources. Furthermore, a cooling tower model is included to predict the thermal performance of the cooling towers. The developed mathematical formulations exhibit mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) structure. The case study shows that up to 26% reduction in circulating cooling water flowrate can be realized with 3% improvement in cooling towers effectiveness. KEY WORDS Cooling water systems, optimizations, pressure drop, critical path algorithm.

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Integrated analysis of cooling water systems: Modeling and experimental validation

Cited by 32 publications

References 11 publications

Dynamic modelling of induced draft cooling towers with parallel heat exchangers, pumps and cooling water network

Dynamic modelling of induced draft cooling towers with parallel heat exchangers, pumps and cooling water network

Optimum heat storage design for solar‐driven absorption refrigerators integrated with heat exchanger networks

Debottlenecking Technique for Cooling Water Systems with Multiple Cooling Sources: Pressure Drop Consideration

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