Integral use of Argentinean Solanum betaceum red fruits as functional food ingredient to prevent metabolic syndrome: effect of in vitro simulated gastroduodenal digestion

Abstract

A B S T R A C TThe "red chilto" (Solanum betaceum Cav) is a native fruit from the Yungas forest of Argentina. Red chilto is a neglected and underutilized native species (NUS). The objective of this work was to evaluate the potentiality of pulp, seed and skin from "red chilto" as a functional food ingredient to add value to a native resource of Argentine Yungas to promote sustainable integral use of it. The powders have low carbohydrate and sodium content and are a source of vitamin C, phenolic acids (rosmarinic acid and caffeoylquinic acid), anthocyanins, condensed tannins, carotenoids, potassium, and fiber. The phenolics of chilto powders showed, before and after simulated gastroduodenal digestion, antioxidant activity (ABTS þ ; H 2 O 2 ; O 2 ; HO ) and were able to inhibit enzymes related to metabolic syndrome, such as α-glucosidase, α-amylase and lipase. Chilto powder showed hypoglycemic effect by increasing glucose adsorption, decreasing glucose diffusion rate and by promoting glucose transport across the cell membrane. These results suggest the potential of Argentinean "red chilto" fruits as functional food ingredients or dietary supplements to prevent metabolic syndrome principally by its antioxidant, hypoglycemic and hypolipemic effects.

Exploration of the Potential Bioactive Molecules of Tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea): Antioxidant Properties and Prebiotic Index

“…The presence of polyphenols in C. betacea was reported [25], identifying rosmarinic acid as a compound with important biological, antioxidant, anticancer, and diabetes control properties. These results are similar to those reported by [30], who demonstrated the presence of flavonoids in the red variety of C. betacea. Other compounds were identified [7], such as rutin, caffeic acid, and chlorogenic acid.…”

“…Pectic polysaccharides, as found in tamarillo pulp and epicarp, possess important biological activity [42]. In this view, tamarillo consumption, as a source of bioactive molecules with important physiological properties and as an antioxidant and putative prebiotic, is a good alternative for functional foods, since foods formulated with this fruit will present health benefits, as has been already reported, such as hyperlipidemia [43] or metabolic syndrome [30].…”

State of the Art of Anthocyanins: Antioxidant Activity, Sources, Bioavailability, and Therapeutic Effect in Human Health

“…Treatment with cherries in rats resulted in a significant reduction of blood glucose and urinary microalbumin and an increase of the creatinine secretion level in urea [174]. The pulp, seed and skin from "red chilto" (a red fruit from Argentina) had a hypoglycemic effect and acted increasing glucose absorption, decreasing glucose diffusion rate and promoting glucose transport across the cell membrane [175] in an in vitro simulated gastroduodenal digestion. Consumption of blueberries and apples/pears in humans was also associated to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes [176].…”

In Vitro Hypoglycemic and Anti-Inflammatory Potential and Toxicity of Powders from Pulp and by-Products of Ziziphus mistol from Argentina

“…The glucose adsorption capacity of each powder sample obtained from mistol both before and after GD was analyzed according to the methodology proposed by Orqueda et al [ 14 ]. For the test, 10 mL of glucose solution (20 mM) and 0.5 g of powder from each part of the fruit were mixed and incubated at 37 °C for 4 h, agitating frequently.…”