“…Among these, the Pennes' bioheat equation is frequently adopted in applications such as cancer hyperthermia therapies, cryosurgery, laser surgery, thermal diagnostics, skin burns and thermal comfort analysis. The literature reports a great deal of works on the numerical modelling of the parabolic Pennes equation considering different numerical techniques (Chan, 1992;Torvi and Dale, 1994;Liu and Xu, 2000;Dai, Yu and Nassar, 2004;Rubinsky, 2006;Presgrave, Guedes and Scofano Neto, 2009), e.g., finite difference, finite element and boundary element methods, each of them with its own advantages and disadvantages depending on the problem under consideration. However, there are some applications of extremely short time duration or at very low temperature (e.g., cryogenic surgery, laserinduced thermal damage, etc.)…”