Intake of Sugar-Sweetened and Low-Calorie Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Yin, Jiawei; Zhu, Yalun; Malik, Vasanti; Li, Xiaoqin; Peng, Xiaolin; Zhang, Fang Fang; Shan, Zhilei; Liu, Liegang

doi:10.1093/advances/nmaa084

Cited by 107 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Third, SSBs were not included in the short FFQ because the ability of the 47-item FFQ to estimate nutrients semiquantitatively is limited. The effects of SSB consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality and risk factors have been reported [39,40]. The effects on CVD incidence and risk factors have also been studied in Japanese populations, but further studies including mortality risk would be needed to accumulate evidence [41,42].…”

Section: Limitations Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility and validity of food group intake in a short food frequency questionnaire for the middle-aged Japanese population

Imaeda

Goto

Sasakabe

et al. 2021

Environ Health Prev Med

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility and validity of a short food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for food group intake in Japan, the reproducibility and partial validity of which were previously confirmed for nutrients. Methods A total of 288 middle-aged healthy volunteers from 11 different areas of Japan provided nonconsecutive 3-day weighed dietary records (DRs) at 3-month intervals over four seasons. We evaluated reproducibility based on the first (FFQ1) and second (FFQ2) questionnaires and their validity against the DRs by comparing the intake of 20 food groups. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients (SRs) were calculated between energy-adjusted intake from the FFQs and that from the DRs. Results The intake of 20 food groups estimated from the two FFQs was mostly equivalent. The median energy-adjusted SRs between the FFQ1 and FFQ2 were 0.61 (range 0.38–0.86) for men and 0.66 (0.45–0.84) for women. For validity, the median de-attenuated SRs between DRs and the FFQ1 were 0.51 (0.17–0.76) for men and 0.47 (0.23–0.77) for women. Compared with the DRs, the proportion of cross-classification into exact plus adjacent quintiles with the FFQ1 ranged from 58 to 86% in men and from 57 to 86% in women. According to the robust Z scores and the Bland–Altman plot graphs, the underestimation errors in the FFQ1 tended to be greater in individuals with high mean levels of consumption for meat for men and for other vegetables for both men and women. Conclusion The FFQ demonstrated high reproducibility and reasonable validity for food group intake. This questionnaire is short and remains appropriate for identifying associations between diet and health/disease among adults in Japan.

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Section: Limitations Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility and validity of food group intake in a short food frequency questionnaire for the middle-aged Japanese population

Imaeda

Goto

Sasakabe

et al. 2021

Environ Health Prev Med

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“…There is clear evidence that consuming sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) increases risk for obesity, diabetes, CVD and dental cariesdiseases that cluster among racial and ethnic minorities (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7) . Because SSB have been a leading source of added sugars in the American diet, particularly in non-Hispanic (NH) Black children and adults (8,9) , continued surveillance of SSB trends by race and/or ethnicity is critical.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and patterns in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among children and adults by race and/or ethnicity, 2003–2018

Dai

Soto

Dunn

et al. 2021

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption has declined steadily. This study uses the latest national data to examine trends in SSB consumption among children and adults by race and/or ethnicity and to document whether long-standing disparities in intake remain. Design: Trend analyses of demographic and dietary data measured by 24-hour dietary recall from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Setting: Data from the 2003-2004 through 2017-2018 NHANES survey cycles were analyzed in 2020. Participants: The study sample included 21,156 children aged 2-19 years and 32,631 adults aged 20+ years. Results: From 2003-2004 to 2017-2018, the prevalence of drinking any amount of SSBs on a given day declined significantly among all race and/or ethnicity groups for children (non-Hispanic [NH] White: 81.6% to 72.7%; NH Black: 83.2% to 74.8%, Hispanic: 86.9% to 77.2%) and most race and/or ethnicity groups for adults (NH White: 72.3% to 65.3%; Hispanic: 84.6% to 77.8%). Consumption declined at a higher rate among NH Black and Hispanic children aged 12-19 years compared to their NH White peers; among NH Black children aged 6-11 years, the rate of decline was lower. Despite significant declines in per capita SSB calorie consumption from soda and fruit drinks, consumption of sweetened coffee/tea beverages increased among older children and nearly all adults, and consumption of sweetened milk beverages increased among NH White and Hispanic children. Conclusions: SSB consumption has declined steadily for children and adults of all race and/or ethnicity groups, but disparities persist, and overall intake remains high.

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“…[83] Recently it was recognized a direct effect of SSB on cardiovascular disease (independently of BMI) that none model included. [84] The Australian Assessing Cost-Effectiveness (ACE) [85] was the most frequent used model, including adaptations to the USA [50, 52-54, 56, 59, 66, 70, 74, 77] This model is both time and data consuming and implies a great level of understanding of modelling issues for researchers and users, so it is probably di cult to apply to many countries. Our review nds many other model and model causal pathways that could be used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar Sweetened Beverages Attributable Disease Burden and the Potential Impact of Policy Interventions: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological and Decision Models

Alcaráz

Andrés

Palacios

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Around 184 000 deaths per year could be attributable to sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption worldwide. Epidemiological and decision models are important tools to estimate disease burden. The purpose of this study was to identify models to assess the burden of diseases attributable to SSBs consumption or the potential impact of health interventions.Methods We carried out a systematic review and literature search up to August 2018. Pairs of reviewers independently selected, extracted, and assessed the quality of the included studies through an exhaustive description of each model features. Discrepancies were solved by consensus. The inclusion criteria were epidemiological or decision models evaluating SSBs health interventions or policies, and descriptive SSBs studies of decision models. We excluded studies published before 2003, cost of illness studies and economic evaluations based on individual patient data.Results We identified a total of 2766 references. Out of the 40 included studies, 45% were models specifically developed to address SSBs, 82.5% were conducted in high income countries and 57.5% considered a health system perspective. The most common model’s outcomes were obesity/overweight (82.5%), diabetes (72.5%), cardiovascular disease (60%), mortality (52.5%), direct medical costs (57.35%), and healthy years -DALYs/QALYs- (40%) attributable to SSBs. 67.5% of the studies modelled the effect of SSBs on the outcomes either wholly through BMI or through BMI plus diabetes independently. Models were usually populated with inputs from national surveys -like obesity prevalence, SSBs consumption-; and vital statistics (67.5%). Only 55% reported results by gender and 40% included children; 30% presented results by income level, and 25% in selected vulnerable groups. Most of the models evaluated at least one policy intervention to reduce SSBs consumption (92.5%), being taxes the most frequent (75%).Conclusions There is a wide range modelling approaches with different complexity and information requirements to evaluate the burden of disease attributable to SSB. The majority consider the impact on obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, mortality, and economic impact. Incorporating these tools to different countries could generate useful information for decision makers and the general population to promote the deeper implementation of policies to diminish SSB consumption.

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Intake of Sugar-Sweetened and Low-Calorie Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Cited by 107 publications

References 63 publications

Reproducibility and validity of food group intake in a short food frequency questionnaire for the middle-aged Japanese population

Reproducibility and validity of food group intake in a short food frequency questionnaire for the middle-aged Japanese population

Trends and patterns in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among children and adults by race and/or ethnicity, 2003–2018

Sugar Sweetened Beverages Attributable Disease Burden and the Potential Impact of Policy Interventions: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological and Decision Models

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