Intake of psyllium seed husk reduces white matter damage in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion

Lim, Sun Ha; Kim, Min Ji; Lee, Jongwon

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2019.04.002

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The findings from this study indicating that PSH supplementation protects against myocardial I/R injury support our hypothesis that consumption of any foods containing high level of AX and/or arabinose (such as PSH) can be effective in protecting against myocardial injury. In this study, supplementation with PSH containing approximately 65% AX and 20% arabinose [28] showed efficacies at a dosage of 10 mg/kg/d. Previously, we showed that supplementation with AX containing approximately 40% arabinose exerts efficacies at a dosage of 5 mg/kg/d [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supplementation with psyllium seed husk reduces myocardial damage in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion

Lim

Lee

2019

Nutr Res Pract

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Myocardial infarction (MI) is caused by extensive myocardial damage attributed to the occlusion of coronary arteries. Our previous study in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) demonstrated that administration of arabinoxylan (AX), comprising arabinose and xylose, protects against myocardial injury. In this study, we undertook to investigate whether psyllium seed husk (PSH), a safe dietary fiber containing a high level of AX (> 50%), also imparts protection against myocardial injury in the same rat model. MATERIALS/METHODS Rats were fed diets supplemented with PSH (1, 10, or 100 mg/kg/d) for 3 d. The rats were then subjected to 30 min ischemia through ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, followed by 3 h reperfusion through release of the ligation. The hearts were harvested and cut into four slices. To assess infarct size (IS), an index representing heart damage, the slices were stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). To elucidate underlying mechanisms, Western blotting was performed for the slices. RESULTS Supplementation with 10 or 100 mg/kg/d of PSH significantly reduces the IS. PSH supplementation (100 mg/kg/d) tends to reduce caspase-3 generation and increase BCL-2/BAX ratio. PSH supplementation also upregulates the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), and its target genes including antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase mu 2 (GSTM2) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). PSH supplementation upregulates some sirtuins (NAD + -dependent deacetylases) including SIRT5 (a mitochondrial sirtuin) and SIRT6 and SIRT7 (nuclear sirtuins). Finally, PSH supplementation upregulates the expression of protein kinase A (PKA), and increases phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) (pCREB), a target protein of PKA. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study indicate that PSH consumption reduces myocardial I/R injury in rats by inhibiting the apoptotic cascades through modulation of gene expression of several genes located upstream of apoptosis. Therefore, we believe that PSH can be developed as a functional food that would be beneficial in the prevention of MI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), unless stated otherwise. PSH was analyzed to contain approximately 66% AX and 21% arabinose (wt/wt) [28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation with psyllium seed husk reduces myocardial damage in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion

Lim

Lee

2019

Nutr Res Pract

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“…The increase of mitochondrial ROS and brainblood barrier (BBB) permeability form a vicious cycle. They jointly cause the death of oligodendrocytes and the activation of microglia and astrocytes (Lim et al, 2019). Following the trajectory mentioned above, the series of processes induce WML and eventually form VD.…”

Section: Hemodynamic Changementioning

confidence: 90%

“…cells, eventually resulting in white matter lesion (WML) and neurodegeneration. WML leads to cognitive impairment and ultimately to VD (Bǎdescu et al, 2016;Lim et al, 2019).…”

Section: Dempsey Et Al 2018mentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherosclerosis: The Culprit and Co-victim of Vascular Dementia

2021

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Vascular dementia (VD), a cerebrovascular disease which causes cognitive impairment, is one of the significant factors that affects the quality of senectitude. Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory syndrome and closely associated with VD. Analyzing the role of AS in VD contribute greatly to its early detection and prevention, but their relationship has not been integrated into a complete network. This review summarizes AS biomarkers as VD predictors for the first time and describes the direct mechanisms of AS causing VD from five aspects: vascular morphogenesis, hemodynamic change, neurovascular unit damage (NVU), oxidative stress, and microRNA (miRNA). Finally, it discriminates the relationship between AS and VD in common risk factors which can be disease or some molecules. In particular, these data imply that the role of AS in VD is not only a pathogenic factor but also a comorbidity in VD. This review aims to bring new ideas for the prediction and treatment of VD.

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“…These findings were confirmed using a cellular model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. The interaction of Bcl-2 and Beclin 1 increased after psyllium husk treatment, while free Beclin 1 and LC3-II levels decreased, thereby inhibiting the excessive autophagy of cells and abnormal apoptosis of OPCs [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Akt/mTOR Pathway Agonist SC79 Inhibits Autophagy and Apoptosis of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Associated with Neonatal White Matter Dysplasia

Li,

Zhang,

Huang

et al. 2023

Neurochem Res

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White matter dysplasia (WMD) in preterm infants due to intrauterine inflammation is caused by excessive apoptosis of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). In recent years, studies have found that excessive autophagy and apoptosis are highly interconnected and important in infection and inflammatory diseases in general. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to confirm whether regulation of autophagy by using the Akt phosphorylation agonist SC79 can inhibit abnormal apoptosis of OPCs and promote myelin maturation and white matter development in neonatal rats with WMD. We investigated the effect of inflammation on oligodendrocyte development in P0 neonatal rats by intracerebellar injection of LPS, and collected brain tissue at P2 and P5. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate white matter damage, while immunofluorescence staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling analysis (TUNEL), and western blotting were used to evaluate autophagy and apoptosis. First, we observed that white matter development was arrested and white matter fiber maturation was impaired in LPS-inflicted pups compared with those in the sham-operated group. Second, treatment with SC79 reduced the levels of LC3II, caspase 3, caspase 9, and Bax/Bcl-2 and increased the levels of p62, p-Akt, and p-mTOR in the brain tissue of neonatal rats. Finally, SC79 treatment inhibited OPC apoptosis by increasing the binding of Beclin 1 to Bcl-2, which promoted OPC differentiation and maturation. However, the opposite results were observed after rapamycin administration. Taken together, our results suggest that SC79 can inhibit the abnormal apoptosis of OPCs caused by excessive autophagy through the Akt/mTOR pathway and that SC79 is a potential therapeutic agent for WMD in preterm infants.

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Intake of psyllium seed husk reduces white matter damage in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Supplementation with psyllium seed husk reduces myocardial damage in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion

Supplementation with psyllium seed husk reduces myocardial damage in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion

Atherosclerosis: The Culprit and Co-victim of Vascular Dementia

Akt/mTOR Pathway Agonist SC79 Inhibits Autophagy and Apoptosis of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Associated with Neonatal White Matter Dysplasia

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