Intake of dietary carbohydrates in early adulthood and adolescence and breast density among young women

Jung, Seungyoun; Goloubeva, Olga; Hylton, Nola M.; Klifa, Catherine; LeBlanc, Erin S.; Shepherd, John; Snetselaar, Linda; Horn, Linda Van; Dorgan, Joanne F.

doi:10.1007/s10552-018-1040-1

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…As previously noted PBW is strongly correlated with mammographic density 30 , a strong risk factor for breast cancer in adult women 29 . Previous studies have also shown that breast water is principally associated with the breast bro-glandular tissue that is observed as radiologically dense 31 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Dietary Fibre, Insulin and Breast Tissue Composition at Age 15-18: A Mediation Analysis.

Martin¹,

Saha²,

Linton³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background. Risk of breast cancer in adult life is influenced by body size and height in childhood. The mechanisms responsible for these associations are currently unknown. The present research was carried out to determine if, at age 15-18, measures of dietary intake were associated with body size, hormones and growth factors, and with variations in breast tissue composition that in adult life are strongly associated with risk of breast cancer.Methods. We carried out a cross-sectional study in 766 healthy young Caucasian women aged 15-18. Percent breast water (PBW), total breast water and fat were measured by magnetic resonance (MR). Dietary intake at age 15-18 was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We also measured height, weight, skin-fold thicknesses and waist-to-hip ratio, and obtained fasting blood to assay glucose and insulin, and calculated an estimate of insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-S). Results. After adjustment for age, measures of body size, and energy intake, dietary fiber (insoluble and total fiber) was associated positively with PBW with the HOMA2-S estimate of insulin sensitivity, and inversely with fasting serum insulin. Insulin sensitivity was also significantly and positively associated with PBW and inversely with total breast fat. The association of dietary fiber with breast tissue composition was no longer statistically significant after adjustment for fasting insulin or insulin sensitivity. Conclusions. These results show an association of dietary fiber with breast tissue measures and suggest that this association may be mediated, at least in part, by insulin or insulin sensitivity. These findings suggest a potential approach to breast cancer prevention in early life.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Dietary Fibre, Insulin and Breast Tissue Composition at Age 15-18: A Mediation Analysis.

Martin¹,

Saha²,

Linton³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Numerous epidemiologic studies have shown an association between sugar and breast cancer ( Table 1 ) [ 46 , 47 ]. Additionally, sucrose intake during adolescence [ 48 ] was significantly correlated with higher percentage of dense breast volume [ 49 ], a known risk factor for breast cancer [ 50 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current review revealed evidence linking added sugar consumption to increased cancer incidence and mortality. The epidemiologic evidence was strongest for breast cancer [ 49 , 51 , 53 ], and we also identified studies examining and finding a connection between added sugar and colon cancer [ 11 , 55 ]. Research on the association between added sugar consumption and pancreatic cancer was mixed [ 12 , 13 , 57 , 58 , 59 ], yet the preponderance of the evidence suggests an association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Link between Sugar and Cancer: An Examination of the Preclinical and Clinical Evidence

Epner

Yang

Wagner

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Per capita sugar consumption has increased in the United States to over 45 kg per year. The average person in the US currently consumes significantly more added sugar in their diet than the World Health Organization’s, the American Cancer Society’s, and the American Heart Association’s recommendations for daily sugar consumption. Evidence from epidemiologic and preclinical studies demonstrates that excess sugar consumption can lead to development of cancer and progression of disease for those with cancer independent of the association between sugar and obesity. Human epidemiologic studies and mechanistic preclinical studies in multiple cancers support a causal link between excess sugar and cancer. Preclinical studies show that high-sucrose or high-fructose diets activate several mechanistic pathways, including inflammation, glucose, and lipid metabolic pathways. Although human studies are limited, compelling human and primate studies have explored the link between added sugar and metabolic syndrome (MetS), a risk factor for cancer. Substantial evidence suggests a causal link between MetS and added sugar, indicating important implications in the association between excess sugar consumption and cancer. Human clinical trials are needed to determine whether sugar increases cancer development and progression independently of its established role in causing obesity as well as for further exploration of the mechanisms involved.

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“…We lacked the ability to distinguish between sugars such as sucrose or fructose that may have differential impacts on body development. For instance, a United States-based study found that adolescent sucrose intake, but not fructose, was positively associated with dense breast volume in early adulthood [ 60 ]. Sucrose, a common table sugar, is also associated with increased BMI among adults [ 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and breast composition in a longitudinal study of Chilean girls

et al. 2022

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Background Frequent sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake has been associated with indirect markers of breast cancer risk, such as weight gain in adolescents and early menarche. How SSB intake relates to breast composition in adolescent girls has not been explored. Methods We evaluated the association between prospective intake of SSB and breast density in a cohort of 374 adolescent girls participating in the Growth and Obesity Cohort Study in Santiago, Chile. Multivariable linear regression models were used to analyze the association between average daily SSB intake quartiles and breast composition (absolute fibroglandular volume [aFGV], percent fibroglandular volume [%FGV], total breast volume [tBV]). Models were adjusted for potential confounding by BMI Z-score, age, daily energy intake (g/day), maternal education, hours of daily television watching after school, dairy intake (g/day), meat intake (g/day), waist circumference, and menarche. To examine the sensitivity of the association to the number of dietary recalls for each girl, analyses were further stratified by girls with one dietary recall and girls with > one dietary recall. Results A total of 881 dietary recalls were available for 374 girls prior to the breast density assessment. More than 60% of the cohort had > one dietary recall available. In multivariable analyses, we found no association between SSB intake quartile and aFGV (Q2 vs Q1 β: − 5.4, 95% CI − 15.1, 4.4; Q3 vs Q1 β: 1.3, 95% CI − 8.6, 11.3; Q4 vs Q1 β: 3.0, 95% CI − 7.1, 13). No associations were noted for %FGV and tBV. Among girls with at least one dietary recall, we found no significant associations between SSB intake quartiles and %FGV, aFGV, or tBV. Conclusion Overall, we observed no evidence that SSB intake was associated with breast density in adolescent Chilean girls.

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Intake of dietary carbohydrates in early adulthood and adolescence and breast density among young women

Abstract: Insulinemic carbohydrate diet during puberty may be associated with adulthood breast density, but our findings need replication in larger studies. Clinical Trials Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT00458588 April 9, 2007; NCT00000459 October 27, 1999.

Cited by 8 publications

References 64 publications

Dietary Fibre, Insulin and Breast Tissue Composition at Age 15-18: A Mediation Analysis.

Dietary Fibre, Insulin and Breast Tissue Composition at Age 15-18: A Mediation Analysis.

Understanding the Link between Sugar and Cancer: An Examination of the Preclinical and Clinical Evidence

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and breast composition in a longitudinal study of Chilean girls

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Intake of dietary carbohydrates in early adulthood and adolescence and breast density among young women

Abstract: Insulinemic carbohydrate diet during puberty may be associated with adulthood breast density, but our findings need replication in larger studies. Clinical Trials Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT00458588 April 9, 2007; NCT00000459 October 27, 1999.

Cited by 8 publications

References 64 publications

Dietary Fibre, Insulin and Breast Tissue Composition at Age 15-18:&nbsp;A Mediation Analysis.

Dietary Fibre, Insulin and Breast Tissue Composition at Age 15-18:&nbsp;A Mediation Analysis.

Understanding the Link between Sugar and Cancer: An Examination of the Preclinical and Clinical Evidence

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and breast composition in a longitudinal study of Chilean girls

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Dietary Fibre, Insulin and Breast Tissue Composition at Age 15-18: A Mediation Analysis.

Dietary Fibre, Insulin and Breast Tissue Composition at Age 15-18: A Mediation Analysis.