Intact polar lipid and core lipid inventory of the hydrothermal vent methanogens Methanocaldococcus villosus and Methanothermococcus okinawensis

Baumann, Lydia; Taubner, Ruth-Sophie; Bauersachs, Thorsten; Steiner, Michael; Schleper, Christa; Peckmann, Jörn; Rittmann, Simon K.-M. R.; Birgel, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2018.10.006

Cited by 31 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…For examination of the GDGTs, aliquots of the total lipid extract were pre‐separated from the DCM‐soluble asphaltene fraction (Birgel et al, ) and were analysed with a Varian MS workstation 6.91 HPLC system coupled to a Varian 1200L triple quadrupole mass spectrometer via an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interface at the University of Hamburg (Baumann et al, ). For the analysis of GDGT‐derived biphytanes, isoprenoid tetraethers were subjected to ether cleavage as described by Schouten, Hoefs, Koopmans, Bosch, and Sinninghe Damsté () and modified after Birgel et al ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining the formation of authigenic carbonates in a seepage‐affected cold‐water coral mound by lipid biomarkers

et al. 2020

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Cold‐water coral (CWC) mounds are build‐ups comprised of coral‐dominated intervals alternating with a mixed carbonate‐siliciclastic matrix. At some locations, CWC mounds are influenced by methane seepage, but the impact of methane on CWC mounds is poorly understood. To constrain the potential impact of methane on CWC mound growth, lipid biomarker investigations were combined with mineralogical and petrographic analyses to investigate the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) and authigenic carbonate formation in sediment from a seep‐affected CWC mound in the Gulf of Cadiz. The occurrence of AOM was confirmed by characteristic lipids found within a semi‐lithified zone (SLZ) consisting of authigenic aragonite, high‐magnesium calcite and calcium‐excess dolomite. The formation of high‐Mg calcite is attributed to AOM, acting as a lithifying agent. Aragonite is only a minor phase. Ca‐excess dolomite in the SLZ and upper parts may be formed by organoclastic sulphate reduction, favouring precipitation by increased alkalinity. The AOM biomarkers in the SLZ include isoprenoid‐based archaeal membrane lipids, such as abundant glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) dominated by GDGT‐2. The δ13C values of GDGT‐2, measured as ether‐cleaved monocyclic biphytanes, are as low as −100‰ versus V‐PDB. Further, bacterial dialkyl glycerol diethers with two anteiso‐C15 alkyl chains and δ13C values of −81‰ are interpreted as biomarkers of sulphate‐reducing bacteria. The lipid biomarker signatures and mineralogical patterns suggest that anaerobic methane‐oxidizing archaea of the ANME‐1 group thrived in the subsurface at times of slow and diffusive methane seepage. Petrographic analyses revealed that the SLZ was exhumed at some point (e.g. signs of bioerosion of the semi‐lithified sediment), providing a hard substrate for CWC larval settlement. In addition, this work reveals that AOM‐induced semi‐lithification likely played a role in mound stabilization. Lipid biomarker analysis proves to be a powerful tool to disentangle early diagenetic processes induced by microbial metabolisms.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining the formation of authigenic carbonates in a seepage‐affected cold‐water coral mound by lipid biomarkers

et al. 2020

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“…The archaeal core lipids were extracted and analyzed as described before [48]. The internal standards 5-α-cholestane (CAS 481-21-0), 1,2-Di-O-hexadecyl-rac-glycerol (DAGE C 16:16 ; CAS 13071-60-8), and 1,2-Di-O-octadecyl-rac-glycerol (DAGE C 18:18 ; CAS 6076-38-6) were added before 0.1 to 15 mg of freeze-dried cells were subjected to acid hydrolysis with HCl (10%) at 110 • C for 2 h. After that, core lipids were extracted with n-hexane/DCM (4:1; v:v) to obtain the total lipid extract (TLE).…”

Section: Lipid Extraction and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GC-MS was a Thermo Scientific Trace GC Ultra coupled to a Thermo Scientific DSQ II mass spectrometer and the GC-FIDs used were a Fisons Instruments GC 8000 series and a Fisons Instruments HRGC MEGA 2 series, both equipped with a flame-ionization detector. The GC columns and the GC temperature program used for the GC-MS and the Fisons Instruments GC 8000 series are described elsewhere [48]. The temperature program used at the Fisons Instruments HRGC MEGA 2 series was as follows: 50 • C for 3 min to 230 • C at 15 • C/min, then held at 230 • C for 2 min and to 325 • C at 6 • C/min and held for 20 min.…”

Section: Lipid Extraction and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 µg/mL) before it was injected into a Varian MS Workstation 6.91 coupled to a Varian 1200 L triple quadrupole MS. The response factors between di-and tetraether lipids were constantly evaluated by injecting a standard mixture after every 4-5 samples [48]. We prepared the standard mixture from synthetic archaeol (1,2-Di-O-phytanyl-sn-glycerol; CAS 99341-19-2), DAGE C 18:18 , DAGEs C 18:18 -4ene (1,3-Dilinoleoyl-rac-glycerol; CAS 15818-46-9), and the aforementioned C 46 GDGT (CAS 138456- .…”

Section: Lipid Extraction and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1b shows the mean values of OD max , an indicator for growth, and Figure S3 shows the corresponding surface plot (dependency on NH 4 Cl, H 2 CO, the combination of NH 4 Cl and H 2 CO, and each parameter squared, see Table S2). The core lipid inventory produced by M. okinawensis exposed to the multivariate concentrations of the potential inhibitors is the same as described elsewhere [48], at optimal standard conditions. The lipids comprise archaeol, macrocyclic archaeol, GDGT-0, GTGT-0 (glycerol trialkyl glycerol tetraether), and two isomers of GMGT-0 (glycerol monoalkyl glycerol tetraether) as well as traces of GDD-0 (glycerol dialkyl diether) and GMD-0 (glycerol monoalkyl diether) in some samples [48].…”

Section: Lipid and Amino Acid Production Under The Doe Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Membrane Lipid Composition and Amino Acid Excretion Patterns of Methanothermococcus okinawensis Grown in the Presence of Inhibitors Detected in the Enceladian Plume

Taubner

Baumann

Bauersachs

et al. 2019

Life

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Lipids and amino acids are regarded as important biomarkers for the search for extraterrestrial life in the Solar System. Such biomarkers may be used to trace methanogenic life on other planets or moons in the Solar System, such as Saturn’s icy moon Enceladus. However, little is known about the environmental conditions shaping the synthesis of lipids and amino acids. Here, we present the lipid production and amino acid excretion patterns of the methanogenic archaeon Methanothermococcus okinawensis after exposing it to different multivariate concentrations of the inhibitors ammonium, formaldehyde, and methanol present in the Enceladian plume. M. okinawensis shows different patterns of lipid and amino acids excretion, depending on the amount of these inhibitors in the growth medium. While methanol did not show a significant impact on growth, lipid or amino acid production rates, ammonium and formaldehyde strongly affected these parameters. These findings are important for understanding the eco-physiology of methanogens on Earth and have implications for the use of biomarkers as possible signs of extraterrestrial life for future space missions in the Solar System.

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Methanocaldococcus

Mukhopadhyay¹,

Dodsworth²,

Whitman³

2022

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Me.tha.no.cal.do.coc'cus. N.L. neut. n. methanum, methane; L. masc. adj. caldus, hot; Gr. masc. n. kokkos, a grain, a seed; N.L. masc. n. Methanocaldococcus a coccus producing methane at hyperthermophilic growth temperatures. Euryarchaeota / Methanococci / Methanococcales / Methanocaldococcaceae / Methanocaldococcus Regular to irregular cocci, 1–3 μm in diameter. Cells stain Gram‐negative and lyse rapidly in aqueous solutions with low osmotic strength. Motile by means of polar tufts of flagella. Obligately anaerobic. Hyperthermophilic (temperature optima: 80–90°C). pH optima between 6.0 and 7.0. NaCl required for growth, optimal concentration 2.5–3.0% (w/v). Obligately methanogenic; H 2 serves as the electron donor. Formate, acetate, methanol, and methylamines are not substrates for methanogenesis. Autotrophic growth in mineral medium. Selenium is required and tungsten is stimulatory for growth. Complex carbon sources such as yeast extract are sometimes stimulatory. Nitrogen sources include ammonium, nitrate, and N 2 gas. Sulfur sources include sulfide, sulfite, and S 0 . Isolated from deep‐sea hydrothermal vents and surrounding sediments. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 29.5–33.6 (genome, LC). Type species : Methanocaldococcus jannaschii Whitman 2001, VL85 (basonym: Methanococcus jannaschii Jones et al. 1983, VL16).

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Intact polar lipid and core lipid inventory of the hydrothermal vent methanogens Methanocaldococcus villosus and Methanothermococcus okinawensis

Cited by 31 publications

References 85 publications

Constraining the formation of authigenic carbonates in a seepage‐affected cold‐water coral mound by lipid biomarkers

Constraining the formation of authigenic carbonates in a seepage‐affected cold‐water coral mound by lipid biomarkers

Membrane Lipid Composition and Amino Acid Excretion Patterns of Methanothermococcus okinawensis Grown in the Presence of Inhibitors Detected in the Enceladian Plume

Methanocaldococcus

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