Intact perceptual ability, but impaired familiarity judgment, after neonatal perirhinal lesions in rhesus macaques

Weiss, Alison R.; Guo, Wendi; Richardson, Ricardo M.; Bachevalier, Jocelyne

doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2017.10.006

“…Interestingly, activity in that area only increased for statements that were presented to the participant before being scanned (and thus repeated) but not for new ones (Wang, Brashier, Wing, Marsh, & Cabeza, 2016). Intriguingly, rhesus macaques lesioned in this same area (the perirhinal cortex) exhibit familiarity judgment deficits, requiring more exposure to objects before they are able to judge them as familiar compared to control animals (Weiss, Guo, Richardson, & Bachevalier, 2017). In both cases (illusory truth effect and the here reported behavioral shift) the subject is unaware that repeated exposure leads to the strengthening of an unproven concept (reliability of statements in humans, and decision strategy in monkeys).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #2 of "Familiarity with visual stimuli boosts recency bias in macaques (v0.1)"

2019

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To probe how non-human primates (NHPs) decode temporal dynamic stimuli, we used a two-alternative forced choice task (2AFC), where the cue was dynamic: a movie snippet drawn from an animation that transforms one image into another. When the cue was drawn from either the beginning or end of the animation, thus heavily weighted towards one (the target) of both images (the choice pair), then primates performed at high levels of accuracy. For a subset of trials, however, the cue was ambiguous, drawn from the middle of the animation, containing information that could be associated to either image. Those trials, rewarded randomly and independent of choice, offered an opportunity to study the strategy the animals used trying to decode the cue. Despite being ambiguous, the primates exhibited a clear strategy, suggesting they were not aware that reward was given non-differentially. More specifically, they relied more on information provided at the end than at the beginning of those cues, consistent with the recency effect reported by numerous serial position studies. Interestingly and counterintuitively, this effect became stronger for sessions where the primates were already familiar with the stimuli. In other words, despite having rehearsed with the same stimuli in a previous session, the animals relied even more on a decision strategy that did not yield any benefits during a previous session. In the discussion section we speculate on what might cause this behavioral shift towards stronger bias, as well as why this behavior shows similarities with a repetition bias in humans known as the illusory truth effect.

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“…Interestingly, activity in that area only increased for statements that were presented to the participant before being scanned (and thus repeated) but not for new ones (Wang et al, 2016). Intriguingly, rhesus macaques lesioned in this same area (the perirhinal cortex) exhibit familiarity judgment deficits, requiring more exposure to objects before they are able to judge them as familiar compared to control animals (Weiss et al, 2017). In both cases (illusory truth effect and the here reported behavioral shift) the subject is unaware that repeated exposure leads to the strengthening of an unproven concept (reliability of statements in humans, and decision strategy in monkeys).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Familiarity with visual stimuli boosts recency bias in macaques

Brunet

¹

,

Jagadeesh

²

2019

PeerJ

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To probe how non-human primates (NHPs) decode temporal dynamic stimuli, we used a two-alternative forced choice task (2AFC), where the cue was dynamic: a movie snippet drawn from an animation that transforms one image into another. When the cue was drawn from either the beginning or end of the animation, thus heavily weighted towards one (the target) of both images (the choice pair), then primates performed at high levels of accuracy. For a subset of trials, however, the cue was ambiguous, drawn from the middle of the animation, containing information that could be associated to either image. Those trials, rewarded randomly and independent of choice, offered an opportunity to study the strategy the animals used trying to decode the cue. Despite being ambiguous, the primates exhibited a clear strategy, suggesting they were not aware that reward was given non-differentially. More specifically, they relied more on information provided at the end than at the beginning of those cues, consistent with the recency effect reported by numerous serial position studies. Interestingly and counterintuitively, this effect became stronger for sessions where the primates were already familiar with the stimuli. In other words, despite having rehearsed with the same stimuli in a previous session, the animals relied even more on a decision strategy that did not yield any benefits during a previous session. In the discussion section we speculate on what might cause this behavioral shift towards stronger bias, as well as why this behavior shows similarities with a repetition bias in humans known as the illusory truth effect.

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“…Figure 1 shows pre-surgical and post-surgical MR images of a representative case (Neo-PRh-6). Images from additional cases have been previously published (Zeamer et al, 2015; Weiss and Bachevalier, 2016; Weiss et al, 2016, 2017; Ahlgrim et al, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arrows point to the rhinal sulcus (left column) and to areas of hypersignal (right column). See Zeamer et al (2015), Weiss and Bachevalier (2016), Weiss et al (2016, 2017), and Ahlgrim et al (2017) for illustration of lesion extent for additional Neo-PRh cases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior to participating in this study, all subjects had experience with cognitive tests including concurrent discrimination learning, reinforcer devaluation, object reversal learning, safety signal learning, and emotional regulation (Ahlgrim et al, 2017). The Neo-PRh, Neo-C and Neo-UC monkeys had additional experience with tests of object recognition (Zeamer et al, 2015; Weiss and Bachevalier, 2016), WM (Weiss et al, 2016), perceptual discrimination and familiarity judgments (Weiss et al, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impaired Cognitive Flexibility After Neonatal Perirhinal Lesions in Rhesus Macaques

Weiss

¹

,

White

²

,

Richardson³

et al. 2019

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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Previous research indicated that monkeys with neonatal perirhinal lesions (Neo-PRh) were impaired on working memory (WM) tasks that generated proactive interference, but performed normally on WM tasks devoid of interference (Weiss et al., 2016). This finding suggested that the early lesions disrupted cognitive processes important for resolving proactive interference, such as behavioral inhibition and cognitive flexibility. To distinguish between these possibilities, the same Neo-PRh monkeys and their controls were tested using the Intradimensional/Extradimensional attentional set-shifting task (Roberts et al., 1988; Dias et al., 1997). Neo-PRh monkeys completed the Simple and Compound Discrimination stages, the Intradimensional Shift stage, and all Reversal stages comparably to controls, but made significantly more errors on the Extradimensional Shift stage of the task. These data indicate that impaired cognitive flexibility was the likely source of increased perseverative errors made by Neo-PRh monkeys when performing WM tasks, rather than impaired behavioral inhibition, and imply that the perirhinal cortex and its interactions with the PFC may play a unique and critical role in the development of attentional set shifting abilities.

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Intact perceptual ability, but impaired familiarity judgment, after neonatal perirhinal lesions in rhesus macaques

Cited by 6 publications

References 59 publications

Peer Review #2 of "Familiarity with visual stimuli boosts recency bias in macaques (v0.1)"

Peer Review #2 of "Familiarity with visual stimuli boosts recency bias in macaques (v0.1)"

Familiarity with visual stimuli boosts recency bias in macaques

Impaired Cognitive Flexibility After Neonatal Perirhinal Lesions in Rhesus Macaques

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