Insulinoma in Dogs: A Review

Abstract

Insulinomas are rare malignant functional pancreatic tumors of the β cells that retain the ability to produce and secrete insulin. Insulinomas are the most common pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor in dogs that can induce a variety of clinical signs that result from hypoglycemia and secondary neuroglycopenic and adrenergic effects. Diagnosis and treatment is considered challenging, and the prognosis can be extremely variable depending on the therapeutic choices. This review aims to summarize and update classic knowledge with current trends in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of insulinomas.

Cytologic findings and diagnostic yield in 92 dogs undergoing fine-needle aspiration of the pancreas

“…12 Pancreatic FNA has been used anecdotally to diagnose pancreatic pseudocysts, exocrine pancreatic neoplasia, and islet cell tumors. 2,7,8,17 While initial data suggests that pancreatic FNA is safe, more information is needed to establish diagnostic yield, normal and abnormal cytologic findings, complications, and diagnostic accuracy in larger scale studies including a variety of pancreatic diseases. Objectives of the current study were 1) to report the diagnostic yield and cytologic findings of pancreatic FNA in sick dogs and 2) to report postprocedure complications after ultrasound-guided FNA of the pancreas in a large group of dogs.…”

Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia Syndrome in 2 Dogs with Bartonellosis

“…In dogs, hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia occurs in association with insulinomas and sepsis 5, 6. Septicemic dogs often have clinical, hematologic, and coagulation indictors of sepsis,7 which were absent in our cases.…”

Insulinoma canino: relato de caso

“…Os insulinomas, também conhecidos como tumores de células β secretores de insulina ou carcinomas de células β, são tumores funcionais de células β do pâncreas que secretam insulina, independentemente dos efeitos supressores da hipoglicemia, e são os tumores pancreáticos endócrinos mais comuns descritos em cães (Goutal et al, 2012).…”

“…As alterações decorrentes do aumento nas concentrações de hormônios antagonistas da insulina (ex. : glucagon, catecolaminas, cortisol e hormônio de crescimento) incluem fasciculações, tremores musculares, alterações de comportamento e inquietação (Leifer et al, 1986;Hess, 2005;Goutal et al, 2012). O diagnóstico presuntivo de insulinoma inclui a combinação dos sinais clínicos e dos exames laboratoriais e de imagem (Goutal et al, 2012;Nelson, 2015).…”

“…: glucagon, catecolaminas, cortisol e hormônio de crescimento) incluem fasciculações, tremores musculares, alterações de comportamento e inquietação (Leifer et al, 1986;Hess, 2005;Goutal et al, 2012). O diagnóstico presuntivo de insulinoma inclui a combinação dos sinais clínicos e dos exames laboratoriais e de imagem (Goutal et al, 2012;Nelson, 2015). O achado laboratorial mais consistente nesses pacientes é a hipoglicemia, que, na maioria dos casos, está abaixo de 70mg/dL (normal: 70mg/dL-110mg/dL), e a elevação dos níveis séricos de insulina (Goutal et al, 2012;Fossum e Caplan, 2015).…”