Insulin secretory response of diabetics during the period of improvement of glucose tolerance to normal range

Kosáka, Kinori; Hagura, Ryoko; Kuzuya, Tsunehiko; Kuzuya, Nobusada

doi:10.1007/bf01219540

Cited by 63 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Diabetic patients have a decreased early insulin response to glucose with a low insulinogenic index, a 0.4 (lU/ml per mg/dl) or lower DIRI/DPG (the ratio of increment of plasma insulin to that of glucose at 30 min after oral glucose load), and borderline types showing low insulinogenic index have been reported to have a high risk of progression into diabetes mellitus, and all of these are thought to be fundamental characteristics of diabetes mellitus [37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Health Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Report of the Committee on the classification and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus

Seino

Nanjo

Tajima³

et al. 2010

Diabetol Int

488

356

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Concept of diabetes mellitusDiabetes mellitus is a group of diseases associated with various metabolic disorders, the main feature of which is chronic hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin action. Its pathogenesis involves both genetic and environmental factors. The long-term persistence of metabolic disorders can cause susceptibility to specific complications and also foster arteriosclerosis. Diabetes mellitus is associated with a broad range of clinical presentations, from being asymptomatic to ketoacidosis or coma, depending on the degree of metabolic disorder.Classification (Tables 1, 2; Fig. 1) The classification of glucose metabolism disorders is principally derived from etiology, and includes staging of pathophysiology based on the degree of deficiency of insulin action. These disorders are classified into four groups: (i) type 1 diabetes mellitus; (ii) type 2 diabetes mellitus; (iii) diabetes mellitus those due to other specific mechanisms or diseases; and (iv) gestational diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by destruction of pancreatic b-cells. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by combinations of decreased insulin secretion and decreased insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance). Glucose metabolism disorders in category (iii) are divided into two subgroups; subgroup A is diabetes in which a genetic abnormality has been identified, and subgroup B is diabetes associated with other pathologic disorders or clinical conditions.

show abstract

Section: Health Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Report of the Committee on the classification and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus

Seino

Nanjo

Tajima³

et al. 2010

Diabetol Int

488

356

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Homeostasis Model Assessment is an estimate of insulin resistance, 33 and the insulinogenic index-insulin is a measurement of the early insulin response. 34 …”

Section: Biochemical Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of a microsatellite in FASL to type II diabetes and of the FAS-670G>A genotype to insulin resistance

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Type II diabetes is caused by a failure of the pancreatic b-cells to compensate for insulin resistance leading to hyperglycaemia. There is evidence for an essential role of an increased b-cell apoptosis in type II diabetes. High glucose concentrations induce IL-1b production in human b-cells, Fas expression and concomitant apoptosis owing to a constitutive expression of FasL. FASL and FAS map to loci linked to type II diabetes and estimates of insulin resistance, respectively. We have tested two functional promoter polymorphisms, FAS-670 G4A and FASL-844C4T as well as a microsatellite in the 3 0 UTR of FASL for association to type II diabetes in 549 type II diabetic patients and 525 normal-glucose-tolerant (NGT) control subjects. Furthermore, we have tested these polymorphisms for association to estimates of b-cell function and insulin resistance in NGT subjects. We found significant association to type II diabetes for the allele distribution of the FASL microsatellite (P-value 0.02, Bonferroni corrected). The FAS-670G4A was associated with homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index and body mass index (P-values 0.02 and 0.02). We conclude that polymorphisms of FASL and FAS associate with type II diabetes and estimates of insulin resistance in Danish white subjects.

show abstract

“…Subjects with a 100 mg/dL (5.5 mmol/L) or higher fasting value and a 1-h value of 180 mg/dL (10.0 mmol/L) or higher (steep hyperglycemia) should be followed similarly to borderline type, even if they belong to normal type, because it is known that such individuals are at higher risk of developing diabetes. Diabetic patients have a decreased early insulin response to glucose with a low insulinogenic index, a 0.4 (lU/mL per mg/dL) or lower DIRI/ DPG (the ratio of increment of plasma insulin to that of glucose at 30 min after oral glucose load), and borderline types showing low insulinogenic index have been reported to have a high risk of progression into diabetes mellitus, and all of these are thought to be fundamental characteristics of diabetes mellitus [37][38][39][40] .…”

Section: If the Plasma Glucose Level Indicates Diabetic Type (Any Of [I]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Report of the Committee on the classification and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus

Kuzuya

Nakagawa

Satoh

et al. 2002

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

613

414

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Concept of Diabetes Mellitus: Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases associated with various metabolic disorders, the main feature of which is chronic hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin action. Its pathogenesis involves both genetic and environmental factors. The long-term persistence of metabolic disorders can cause susceptibility to specific complications and also foster arteriosclerosis. Diabetes mellitus is associated with a broad range of clinical presentations, from being asymptomatic to ketoacidosis or coma, depending on the degree of metabolic disorder. Classification (Tables 1 and 2, and Figure 1): The classification of glucose metabolism disorders is principally derived from etiology, and includes staging of pathophysiology based on the degree of deficiency of insulin action. These disorders are classified into four groups: (i) type 1 diabetes mellitus; (ii) type 2 diabetes mellitus; (iii) diabetes mellitus due to other specific mechanisms or diseases; and (iv) gestational diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by destruction of pancreatic b-cells. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by combinations of decreased insulin secretion and decreased insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance). Glucose metabolism disorders in category (iii) are divided into two subgroups; subgroup A is diabetes in which a genetic abnormality has been identified, and subgroup B is diabetes associated with other pathologic disorders or clinical conditions. The staging of glucose metabolism includes normal, borderline and diabetic stages depending on the degree of hyperglycemia occurring as a result of the lack of insulin action or clinical condition. The diabetic stage is then subdivided into three substages: non-insulin-requiring, insulin-requiring for glycemic control, and insulin-dependent for survival. The two former conditions are called non-insulin-dependent diabetes and the latter is known as insulin-dependent diabetes. In each individual, these stages may vary according to the deterioration or the improvement of the metabolic state, either spontaneously or by treatment. Diagnosis (Tables 3-7 and Figure 2): Categories of the State of Glycemia: Confirmation of chronic hyperglycemia is essential for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. When plasma glucose levels are used to determine the categories of glycemia, patients are classified as having a diabetic type if they meet one of the following criteria: (i) fasting plasma glucose level of ‡126 mg/dL ( ‡7.0 mmol/L); (ii) 2-h value of ‡200 mg/dL ( ‡11.1 mmol/L) in 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); or (iii) casual plasma glucose level of ‡200 mg/dL ( ‡11.1 mmol/L). Normal type is defined as fasting plasma glucose level of <110 mg/dL (<6.1 mmol/L) and 2-h value of <140 mg/dL (<7.8 mmol/L) in OGTT. Borderline type (neither diabetic nor normal type) is defined as falling between the diabetic and normal values. According to the current revision, in addition to the earlier listed plasma glucose values, hemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c ) has been given a more p...

show abstract

Insulin secretory response of diabetics during the period of improvement of glucose tolerance to normal range

Cited by 63 publications

References 13 publications

Report of the Committee on the classification and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus

Report of the Committee on the classification and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus

Association of a microsatellite in FASL to type II diabetes and of the FAS-670G>A genotype to insulin resistance

Report of the Committee on the classification and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About