Insulin resistance: the conflict between biological settings of energy metabolism and human lifestyle (a glance at the problem from evolutionary viewpoint)

Титов, В Н; Николаевич, Титов Владимир; Shirinsky, Vladimir P.; Павлович, Ширинский Владимир

doi:10.14341/dm7959

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Для большинства клеток жирные кислоты являются более предпочтительным по сравнению с глюкозой энергетическим субстратом. Поэтому в условиях большого содержания жирных кислот в крови глюкоза тканями не поглощается и развивается гипергликемия [11].…”

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Obesity without diabetes: the role of hormonal regulation

Shestakova

Sklyanik

Panevina

et al. 2020

Terapevticheskii arkhiv

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Aim.Obese patients without diabetes present an interesting phenotype to explore protective mechanisms against type 2 diabetes (T2D) development. In our study we looked for specific hormonal features of obese patients without T2D. Materials and methods.We included 6 groups of patients with different metabolic profiles (n=212): controls with BMI25 kg/m2, HbA1c6%, age 30 years; patients with 25BMI30 kg/m2and HbA1c6%; patients with 25BMI30 kg/m2and HbA1c6%; patients with BMI30 kg/m2and HbA1c6% (+ Obesity - T2D) obese patients without T2D or prediabetes; patients with BMI30 kg/m2and newly-diagnosed T2D/prediabetes, HbA1c6%; patients with known history of T2D on glucose-lowering drugs with BMI30 kg/m2. Insulin, GLP-1, GIP were measured during glucose-tolerance test at 0, 30 and 120 minutes; insulin resistance (IR) was assessed by HOMA-IR. Results.Waist circumference was bigger in patients with obesity despite their metabolic profile comparing to patients without obesity (p0.001). Waist-to-hip ratio was similar in patients with different metabolic status. According to IR + Obesity - T2D group had intermediate position: IR was higher in that group comparing to people without obesity, but was less that in patients with obesity and HbA1c6% (p0.001). + Obesity - T2D group had the most potent baseline insulin secretion, assessed by НОМА-%band the highest postprandial secretion, measured by insulinogenic index among all patient groups with obesity (p0.001). There was no significant difference in GLP-1 secretion; GIP secretion was higher in patients with BMI30 kg/m2comparing to people with BMI30 kg/m2(p0.01).

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Section: îáñóAeäåíèåunclassified

Obesity without diabetes: the role of hormonal regulation

Shestakova

Sklyanik

Panevina

et al. 2020

Terapevticheskii arkhiv

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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MECHANISMS OF THE INFLUENCE OF SODIUM-GLUCOSE COTRANSPORTER-2 INHIBITORS ON LDL RECEPTOR FUNCTION AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN TYPE 2 DM (literature review)

Кушнарьова

Zinych²,

Kovalchuk³

et al. 2022

RS Global - World Science

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In the modern world, the prevalence of dysmetabolic conditions, which are accompanied by corruption of lipid metabolism and the distribution of adipose tissue in the body, is increasing, and their consequences include cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) etc. These pathologies are characterized by dyslipidemia, which reflects an imbalance in the processes of assimilation, transportation, absorption and use by fatty acids’ cells as energy and plastic substrates. A decrease in the relative content of unsaturated fatty acids in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) causes dysfunction of cell membranes, and an increase in serum concentration of LDL means corruption of their absorption by cells, which contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. Absorption of LDL by cells occurs through the interaction of apolipoprotein apoE/B-100 with the membrane receptor of LDL. The cell regulates the supply of lipids and cholesterol by synthesizing these receptors. The expression of LDL receptors is regulated at the level of transcription; particularly, it is stimulated by insulin and suppressed by excess cholesterol, the latter leading to abnormal accumulation of lipids in cells and tissues and the development of pathology in various organs. According to clinical and experimental studies and meta-analyses, drugs from the group of inhibitors of sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) have a pronounced protective cardiorenal effect in patients with T2DM and in cases of kidney and heart dysfunction. These beneficial effects are associated with improving insulin sensitivity, increasing the level of antiatherogenic HDL cholesterol, reducing the accumulation of lipids in visceral fat, stimulating lipolysis, and switching of oxidation towards the preferential use of lipid substrates. The paradoxical increase in LDL cholesterol is mainly due to less atherogenic large floating particles, and the negative effect is apparently counterweight by the wide range of beneficial pleiotropic effects of gliflozins.

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Insulin resistance: the conflict between biological settings of energy metabolism and human lifestyle (a glance at the problem from evolutionary viewpoint)

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Obesity without diabetes: the role of hormonal regulation

Obesity without diabetes: the role of hormonal regulation

MECHANISMS OF THE INFLUENCE OF SODIUM-GLUCOSE COTRANSPORTER-2 INHIBITORS ON LDL RECEPTOR FUNCTION AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN TYPE 2 DM (literature review)

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