Insulin resistance and adiponectin levels are associated with height catch-up growth in pre-pubertal Chinese individuals born small for gestational age

Abstract

AbstractsBackground and objectiveThe study was performed to determine whether catch-up growth is associated with the development of insulin resistance and to explore serum endocrine markers associated with the metabolism of adipose tissue in a Chinese population born small for gestational age(SGA)Subjects and methodsWe recruited 56 children born SGA with catch-up growth and 55 born without catch-up growth, who were further grouped into groups I (with BMI catch-up) and II (without BMI catch-up) respectively, as well as 52 children born appropriate for gestational age (AGA) with normal height. Their serum fasting insulin, fasting glucose, insulin-like growth factor-1, adiponectin, IGFBP-1, triglyceride concentrations, and the homeostasis assessment model for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated.Results(1) The HOMA-IR values in SGA-I with catch-up growth group were significantly higher than those in SGA-II with catch-up growth, SGA-I without catch-up growth and AGA children respectively. (2) The serum adiponectin levels of individuals in the SGA-I without catch-up growth and SGA-II with catch-up growth groups were significantly lower than those from the SGA-II without catch-up growth group. There was no difference in triglyceride or IGFBP-1 levels among the groups. (3) The degree of HOMA-IR was positively correlated with age, current BMI and △height SDS in SGA children.ConclusionThe development of insulin resistance and lower levels of adiponectin were closely correlated with higher BMI and the postnatal height catch-up growth in SGA children.

Ghrelin, insulin-like growth factor I and adipocytokines concentrations in born small for gestational age prepubertal children after the catch-up growth

“…However, Deng et al [14] found a higher concentration of insulin only in those SGA children with catch-up growth in whom BMI values were above the 50th percentile. In the whole study group, analysed by us, we also found a positive correlation between BMI SDS and insulin concentration (or IRI HOMA).…”

“…In turn, high resistin levels were found in cord blood of SGA children [9,12]. Low adiponectin with high insulin secretion in prepubertal children with catch-up process was observed by other authors [13][14][15]. It should be emphasised that hypoadiponectinaemia and hyperresistinaemia are strongly associated with an increased risk of IR, DM2 and cardiovascular diseases [16].…”

Insights into the pathophysiology of catch-up compared with non-catch-up growth in children born small for gestational age: an integrated analysis of metabolic and transcriptomic data

“…The upregulation of PI 3-kinase signalling was associated with increased activity of growth factor pathways (for example, IGF-I and EGF pathways) and the increase of serum IGF-I observed in CU SGA children (Figure 4). The observed downregulation of PI4PK3 in CU SGA children has been previously associated with a reduction in cell surface glucose receptors, 64 which may be related to the increased serum glucose in this group 52 (Table 1). We also predicted that the increased activity downstream of the PI pathways would be associated with an increase in calcium signalling, which is required for multiple cell functions including insulin secretion 65 (Figure 4).…”

“…Integrated omic analysis of SGA catch-up growth A Stevens et al but lower adiponectin levels, as recently described, and potentially consistent with an early indicator of cardiometabolic risk. 52,53 Adiponectin is a protein derived from the adipose tissue in humans and has been related to obesity and insulin resistance. 54 There is functional evidence that it has a protective role in the development of metabolic complications, as high concentrations have been associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, and low levels with the converse.…”

Wpływ występowania allelu klasy III VNTR genu INS na parametry auksologiczne, stężenie glukozy, insuliny, lipidów i adipocytokin u przeddojrzewaniowych dzieci urodzonych z niską masą ciała

“…Generally, higher levels of insulin concentration and IRI HOMA in SGA than AGA children are reported, especially in those of SGA in whom rapid weight gain in the first years of life was observed [37]. The authors suspected that it may be a risk factor for the development of IR and T2DM in later life.…”