Insulin, other hypoglycemic drugs, and glucagon

Page, R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-62635-6.00042-5

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…They also reported that 13–25% of female participants developed an asymptomatic or symptomatic genital infection. Similar percentages were observed in response to dapagliflozin . In addition to this, concerns have recently emerged regarding several cases of diabetic ketoacidosis associated with the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with predisposing factors, such as low carbohydrate diet, insulin pump failure or acute gastroenteritis .…”

Section: Sodium Glucose Co‐transporter 2 Inhibition and Glucose Controlsupporting

confidence: 54%

Is it time to think about the sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 sympathetically?

et al. 2016

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Review article explaining the mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors in glucose lowering acting via glucose-sodium co-transporter. Linking the same to renal denervation and BP lowering effect (sympathetic activity). ABSTRACT:Disturbances in glucose homeostasis are a key feature of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Renal glucose reabsorption is an important factor in glycaemic control. Glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubules is mediated by the sodium glucose co-transporter 2. The capacity for glucose reabsorption is increased in type 2 diabetes and contributes significantly to hyperglycaemia and impaired glucose control. Understanding the mechanisms underpinning the regulation of the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 is therefore of high clinical relevance. However, despite recent advances in the field and the availability of pharmacological inhibitors of this glucose transporter for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, the mechanisms that regulate sodium glucose co-transporter 2 expression are not fully understood. The sympathetic nervous system is an important modulator of glucose homeostasis, and sympathetic hyperactivity is a characteristic feature of obesity, the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Sympathetic inhibition either achieved pharmacologically or by renal sympathetic denervation has been associated with improved glucose control. Importantly, sympathetic nerves innervate the proximal tubules of the kidney where they have been shown to regulate the expression of other transporters such as the sodium hydrogen exchanger 3. This review aims to explore the evidence for the regulation of sodium glucose co-transporter 2-mediated glucose reabsorption by the sympathetic nervous system.

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Section: Sodium Glucose Co‐transporter 2 Inhibition and Glucose Controlsupporting

confidence: 54%

Is it time to think about the sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 sympathetically?

et al. 2016

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“…The drug presents few side effects, even though problems of gastrointestinal intolerance (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, etc.) may limit its use; moreover chronic administration may cause hyperlactatemia, due to drug accumulation, with resultant lactic acidosis (Page, 2011). The poor bioavailability and short half-life of this drug (Dunn and Peters, 1995;Scheen, 1996), make the development of extended-release formulations desirable, in order to improve patient compliance and reduce the dosing frequency, resulting in better glycemic control and less side effects appearance (Di Colo et al, 2002;Hu et al, 2006;Corti et al, 2007Corti et al, , 2008; Momoh et al, 2013Momoh et al, , 2014Nayak et al, 2013;Li et al, 2014;Kim and Park, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium alginate microspheres containing metformin hydrochloride niosomes and chitosomes aimed for oral therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Maestrelli

Mura

González-Rodrı́guez

et al. 2017

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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A Comprehensive Review of the Evolution of Insulin Development and Its Delivery Method

et al. 2022

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The year 2021 marks the 100th anniversary of the momentous discovery of insulin. Through years of research and discovery, insulin has evolved from poorly defined crude extracts of animal pancreas to recombinant human insulin and analogues that can be prescribed and administered with high accuracy and efficacy. However, there are still many challenges ahead in clinical settings, particularly with respect to maintaining optimal glycemic control whilst minimizing the treatment-related side effects of hypoglycemia and weight gain. In this review, the chronology of the development of rapid-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting insulin analogues, as well as mixtures and concentrated formulations that offer the potential to meet this challenge, are summarized. In addition, we also summarize the latest advancements in insulin delivery methods, along with advancement to clinical trials. This review provides insights on the development of insulin treatment for diabetes mellitus that may be useful for clinicians in meeting the needs of their individual patients. However, it is important to note that as of now, none of the new technologies mentioned have superseded the existing method of subcutaneous administration of insulin.

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Insulin, other hypoglycemic drugs, and glucagon

Cited by 3 publications

References 120 publications

Is it time to think about the sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 sympathetically?

Is it time to think about the sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 sympathetically?

Calcium alginate microspheres containing metformin hydrochloride niosomes and chitosomes aimed for oral therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus

A Comprehensive Review of the Evolution of Insulin Development and Its Delivery Method

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