Insulin-Like growth factor binding Protein-1, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and its relationship with fructose consumption in children with obesity

Abstract

Background: Over consumption of added sugar is associated with obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and insulin resistance (IR). Objective: The objective of the study was to study the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and NAFLD and their relationship with fructose consumption in children with obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in children 6-11 years old with obesity. Anthropometric measurements, fructose consumption, glucose, lipid profile, insulin, and IGFBP-1 levels were evaluated; the homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) was used. NAFLD was evaluated by ultrasound. Results: We studied 83 children with a mean age of 9.2 ± 1.3 years. About 93% of the girls presented IR and lower levels of IGFBP-1 (p = 0.0001). The group with the lower levels of IGFBP-1 had higher HOMA-IR (p = 0.000002); IGFBP-1 was associated with fructose consumption (r = −0.25; p = 0.03), body mass index (BMI) (r=−0.42; p = 0.02), and HOMA-IR (r=−0.61; p = 0.002). About 81% of the children were classified as having mild or moderate/severe NAFLD, and these groups had higher HOMA-IR (p = 0.036) and fructose consumption (p = 0.0014). Conclusions: The girls had more metabolic alterations. The group with lower levels of IGFBP-1 (hepatic IR) was associated with higher BMI, HOMA-IR, and fructose consumption; the group with higher severity of NAFLD showed higher HOMA-IR and fructose consumption.

Role of Overweight and Obesity in Gastrointestinal Disease

“…Liver function might be impaired by excess body weight, in fact it has been demonstrated that overweight and obesity are associated with elevated biochemical markers of liver damage both in adults and in adolescent [66,67]. In particular, consistent data from literature have pointed out a clear relationship between obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) being insulin resistant is a main driven factor [68]. The clinical relevance of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) derives mostly from its high prevalence in the general population, its associated risk for progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), hepatic fibrosis, and cirrhosis [69].…”

Resistencia a la insulina, hepatopatía grasa y su asociación con las proteínas acarreadoras de IGF

“…En concordancia con lo anterior, Kotronen et al han mostrado que la concentración sérica de esta proteína en ayuno se correlaciona inversamente con la cantidad de grasa presente en el hígado 33 . Un estudio reciente en niños muestra la asociación negativa entre IGFBP-1 y el índice de masa corporal, el índice HOMA y el consumo de fructosa; del mismo modo se observó una reducción no significativa en la proteína durante la EHGNA más severa evaluada por ultrasonido 34 , por lo cual IGFBP-1 podría ser un marcador de resistencia hepática a la insulina y en consecuencia de riesgo de EHGNA. En concordancia, la restitución de IGFBP-1 durante el desarrollo de EHG-NA en el modelo murino de deficiencia en metionina y colina muestra la disminución de la esteatosis y la inflamación 35 .…”

Obesity and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction: From Pediatrics to Adults

“…It has also been demonstrated that maternal obesity can cause DNA methylation modifications at birth in several genes such as insulin growth factor binding protein-1 ( IGFBP-1 ), which plays a role in the development of metabolic disease [ 13 ]. Studies show that low circulating levels of IGFBP-1 lead to insulin resistance and potentially type 2 diabetes [ 14 ]. However, chronic obesity and its association with metabolic dysfunction needs to be better elucidated in the neonatal and pediatric population as comprehensive studies are lacking.…”