Insulin Injection Practice and Injection Complications – Results from the Bangladesh Insulin Injection Technique Survey

The Effectiveness of Health Education in Improving Knowledge about Hypoglycemia and Insulin Pen Use among Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a Primary Care Hospital in Vietnam

“…Participants demonstrated low knowledge in several important steps of the procedure, such as lack of pushing out the air bubbles (20%) and stabilizing pen temperature (32.5%) before each injection, improper storage of used insulin pen (26.3%), and insulin needle reuse (90%). In accordance with the present findings, previous studies showed insufficient knowledge about insulin pen use in patients with T2DM [ 15 , 16 , 28 ]. For example, in a recent nationwide survey in Bangladesh, Kamrul-Hasan et al (2020) [ 28 ] found high rates of pen users reusing needles (98.5%) and reusing them over 10 times (38.9%), possibly due to a lack of awareness of the possible number of injections per needle and the consequences of needle reuse.…”

“…In accordance with the present findings, previous studies showed insufficient knowledge about insulin pen use in patients with T2DM [ 15 , 16 , 28 ]. For example, in a recent nationwide survey in Bangladesh, Kamrul-Hasan et al (2020) [ 28 ] found high rates of pen users reusing needles (98.5%) and reusing them over 10 times (38.9%), possibly due to a lack of awareness of the possible number of injections per needle and the consequences of needle reuse. The repeated use of insulin needles can lead to distortion, bending, breakage, and complications, including pain, bruising, bleeding, infection, and lipohypertrophy [ 16 , 28 ].…”

“…For example, in a recent nationwide survey in Bangladesh, Kamrul-Hasan et al (2020) [ 28 ] found high rates of pen users reusing needles (98.5%) and reusing them over 10 times (38.9%), possibly due to a lack of awareness of the possible number of injections per needle and the consequences of needle reuse. The repeated use of insulin needles can lead to distortion, bending, breakage, and complications, including pain, bruising, bleeding, infection, and lipohypertrophy [ 16 , 28 ]. The common error of needle reuse has raised a major concern and, in turn, should capture more attention of healthcare professionals.…”

“…A possible explanation is that people feel difficult to recall what they learn only one time or forget the initial information provided. Therefore, regular education methods such as reeducation or teach-back are demanding during the course of T2DM treatment [ 28 ]. In our study, patients received health education at each visit during the follow-up, and thus, both the knowledge and practice remained high after two months.…”

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“…Substantial evidences demonstrate an association of wide range of adverse consequences related to diabetes, despite treatment regimen which is prescribed. These include, greater health expenditures, higher HbA1c levels and fasting glucose and impaied quality of life (Kamrul-Hasan et al, 2019;Khan et al, 2019;Alajmani et al, 2019). Limited information is available regarding the effects of oral anti-hyperglycemic agents on depression in diabetics.…”