Insulin‐induced abnormalities of beak, extremities and eyes in chickens

Landauer, Walter

doi:10.1002/jez.1401050202

Cited by 92 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The chick embryo fetal toxicity assay for insulin was performed as described by Landauer and Bliss [19] and Landauer [20]. Following fertilization, the chicken eggs (Sunrise Farms, Catskill, N.Y., USA) were set upright at room temperature for 24 h to allow the airspace to rise to the top.…”

Section: Chick Insulin Fetotoxicity Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of α-Fetoprotein and Derived Peptides on Insulin- and Estrogen-Induced Fetotoxicity

Butterstein

Morrison²,

Mizejewski³

2003

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Both insulin and estrogen are well recognized as growth-promoting substances at physiological concentrations, but they function as teratogens at high doses. Both agents can affect alterations in fetal and maternal serum human α-fetoprotein (HAFP) levels during pregnancy. In the present study, we have employed animal models of both insulin and estrogen fetotoxicity and teratogenicity in order to study the growth-regulatory properties of HAFP and its derived peptides (HAFP/PEP). We report here the effects of HAFP/PEP on fetotoxicity, congenital malformations, and growth retardation in developing chick and murine fetuses. In the insulin model, HAFP/PEP were effective in reducing both fetal mortality and anatomic anomalies, with the result that growth-retarded fetuses were produced. With HAFP/PEP treatment, fetal demise was reduced by as much as 73 and 63% in murine and chick fetuses, respectively, while fetal anomalies were diminished by 50% during chick development. Genebank searches of identity/similarity in a HAFP/PEP fragment identified matches with a number of proteins associated with glucose, pH, ionic, osmotic, and oxidative stresses, and with heat shock, in addition to stress proteins related to protein folding/unfolding processes. It was proposed that the peptide segment on HAFP may represent a topographic ‘hotspot’, sensitive to stress/shock conditions, which exhibits a propensity for conformational alteration in the tertiary structure of the fetal protein.

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Section: Chick Insulin Fetotoxicity Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of α-Fetoprotein and Derived Peptides on Insulin- and Estrogen-Induced Fetotoxicity

Butterstein

Morrison²,

Mizejewski³

2003

Fetal Diagn Ther

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“…There is a strong association between FFS and maternal diabetes mellitus, described in 38% of cases [Johnson et al, 1983], and a rare possible association with fetal constraint, secondary to oligohydramnios [Burn et al, 1984]. Although most cases are causally unexplained, the degree and pattern of malformations in FFS clearly reflect an insult occurring during early embryogenesis before the 7th week of gestation [Landauer, 1947;Russell et al, 1981], or they may indeed be a polytopic developmental field defect arising during blastogenesis [Opitz, 1993;Sorge et al, 1995]. In humans, limb buds grow and differentiate during the 4th to 8th weeks of gestation [Hamanishi, 1980;Moore, 1993].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Bilateral femoral agenesis in femoral facial syndrome in a 19-week-old fetus

Campbell

Vujanić

1997

Am. J. Med. Genet.

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Although the cause in most cases is unknown, there is a strong association of the femoral facial syndrome (FFS) with maternal diabetes mellitus. We describe an unusual presentation of FFS in the first pregnancy of a diabetic mother terminated at 19 weeks gestation because of bilateral femoral agenesis diagnosed on ultrasound scan. Autopsy confirmed the absence of the femora and acetabula and the presence of the facial traits of FFS in a female fetus.

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“…Experimental studies by Landauer (1947) and Duraiswami (1950) have demonstrated that high doses of insulin produce absence of sacral vertebrae and other skeletal malformations in embryonic chicks. Similar results have been documented in mammals (Lichtenstein et al 1951;Ingalls 1956;Smithberg and Runner 1963;Hannah and Moore 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A fetus with upper limb amelia, “caudal regression” and Dandy-Walker defect with an insulin-depedent diabetic mother

et al. 1980

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We describe the fetus delivered to an insulin-dependent diabetic woman who had had a previous large, stillborn, non-malformed male infant and a normal female infant. The present fetus had a most unusual combination of malformations which to date had not been described in diabetic embryopathy. The anomalies include: upper limb amelia, "caudal regression" with bilateral absence of the fibulae, unilateral absence of a femur and ipsilateral oligodactyly; undescended testes; atrial septal defect; multiple vertebral and rib anomalies with cervical scoliosis and right webbed neck; left cleft lip and cleft palate; severe micrognathia; left microtia with atresia of the ear canal; and central nervous system defects including hydrocephalus with the Dandy-Walker malformation, asymmetry of the lateral ventricles, abnormal frontal gyral formation, and ependymal and ganglion cell heterotopias of the spinal cord. The pathogenesis of diabetic embryopathy is discussed.

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Insulin‐induced abnormalities of beak, extremities and eyes in chickens

Cited by 92 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of α-Fetoprotein and Derived Peptides on Insulin- and Estrogen-Induced Fetotoxicity

Effect of α-Fetoprotein and Derived Peptides on Insulin- and Estrogen-Induced Fetotoxicity

Bilateral femoral agenesis in femoral facial syndrome in a 19-week-old fetus

A fetus with upper limb amelia, “caudal regression” and Dandy-Walker defect with an insulin-depedent diabetic mother

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