Insulin and IGF-1 elicit robust transcriptional regulation to modulate autophagy in astrocytes

Geffken, Shawn J.; Moon, Sohyun; Smith, Catherine O.; Tang, Sharon; Lee, Hiu Ham; Lewis, K.M.; Wong, Chun Wa; Huang, Yuan; Huang, Qian; Zhao, Ying-Tao; Cai, Weikang

doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101647

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…However, when comparing our results to those of previous studies, it must be pointed out that SQSTM1/p62 expression was higher after FGF1 activating the autophagy pathway. The speculation for this special phenomenon is that FGF1 promotes the initiation of autophagy leading to a compensatory increase in SQSTM1/p62 ( Geffken et al, 2022 ). Another speculation is that during the action of FGF1, a different pathway is activated, leading to an increase in the expression of SQSTM1/p62 and thus promoting endometrial thickening ( Feng et al, 2017 ; Lu et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibroblast growth factor 1 ameliorates thin endometrium in rats through activation of the autophagic pathway

Zhu

Yin

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: Thin endometrium is a reproductive disorder that affects embryo implantation. There are several therapies available for this disease, however they are not so effective. Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) is a member of fibroblast growth factor superfamily (FGFs), and it has been demonstrated that FGF1 expression was altered in samples collected from patients with thin endometrium. However, it is unclear if FGF1 could improve thin endometrium. The aim of this study was to investigate whether FGF1 have a therapeutic effect on thin endometrium.Methods: A model of thin endometrium induced by ethanol was constructed to investigate the effect and mechanism of action of FGF1 in thin endometrium. In the characterization experiments, 6–8 weeks female rats (n = 40) were divided into four groups: i) Control group; ii) Sham group; iii) Injured group; (iv) FGF1 therapy group. Endometrial tissues would be removed after three sexuel cycles after molding. Morphology and histology of the endometrium were evaluated by visual and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Masson staining and expression of α-SMA in endometrium showed the degree of endometrial fibrosis. Western blotting (PCNA、vWF and Vim) and immunohistochemistry (CK19 and MUC-1) demonstrated the effect of FGF1 on cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Moreover, immunohistochemistry (ER and PR) was used to explore the function of endometrium. The remaining rats (n = 36) were divided into three groups: i) Injured group; ii) FGF1 therapy group; and iii) 3-methyladenine. Western blotting (p38、p-p38、PI3K 、SQSTM1/p62、beclin-1 and LC3) was used to explore the mechanisms of FGF1.Results: In FGF1 therapy group, the morphology and histology of endometrium improved compared with the model group. Masson staining and the expression level of α-SMA showed that FGF1 could decrease the fibrotic area of endometrium. Besides, changes in ER and PR expression in the endometrium suggested that FGF1 could restore endometrium-related functions. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed that PCNA, vWF, Vim, CK19 and MUC-1 were significantly increased after FGF1 treatment compared with the thin endometrium. In addition, Western blotting showed that p38, p-p38, PI3K, SQSTM1/p62, beclin-1 and LC3 levels were higher in FGF1 group than in the injured group.Conclusion: FGF1 application cured the thin endometrium caused by ethanol through autophagy mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibroblast growth factor 1 ameliorates thin endometrium in rats through activation of the autophagic pathway

Zhu

Yin

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…[ 22 ] On the other hand, moderate autophagy is the body self-protection against stimuli, which can maintain the activity and number of islet B cells and enhance mitochondrial function, thus improving insulin resistance. [ 23 ] When autophagy is impaired, Müller cells undergo apoptosis, which can be reversed by rapamycin. [ 24 ] In retinal pigment epithelial cells, the mitochondrial deacetylase Sirt3 activates mitochondrial autophagy by Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway in a hyperglycemic environment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the protective effects of herbal monomers against diabetic retinopathy based on the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis: A review

Hu,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Medicine

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) has become one of the top 3 blinding eye diseases in the world. In spite of recent therapeutic breakthroughs, it is not yet possible to cure DR through pharmacotherapy. Cell death is thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of DR. Moderate modulation of cellular autophagy and inhibition of apoptosis have been identified as effective targets for the treatment of DR. Numerous phytochemicals have emerged as potential new drugs for the treatment of DR. We collected basic DR research on herbal monomers through keywords such as autophagy and apoptosis, and conducted a systematic search for relevant research articles published in the PubMed database. This review provides the effects and reports of herbal monomers on various DR cellular and animal models in vivo and in vitro in the available literature, and emphasizes the importance of cellular autophagy and apoptosis as current DR therapeutic targets. Based on our review, we believe that herbal monomers that modulate autophagy and inhibit apoptosis may be potentially effective candidates for the development of new drugs in the treatment of DR. It provides a strategy for further development and application of herbal medicines for DR treatment.

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“…28 This process can be stimulated by noradrenaline (NA) released by neurons, 28,29 and several factors have been discovered to up-regulate ANLS, such as the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) pathway and the amyloid beta (Ab) 42-a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor interaction. 74,75 In the aging brain, NA levels decline, inhibiting astrocyte glycolysis and subsequently reducing ATP supply to neurons. 28,29 In addition to glycolysis, the nutrient supply of neurons also depends on glycogen storage in astrocytes.…”

Section: The Metabolic Plasticity Of Astrocytes In Aging Brainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that decreased IGFR-1 is associated with increased ROS, decreased astrocyte autophagy, decreased blood perfusion, and decreased cognitive function. 75 Whether insulin influences glucose uptake remains unclear. Some studies have used particular approaches and have shown that insulin increases glycogen levels locally within astrocytes without changing integrative glucose flux.…”

Section: Astrocytes: the Impairment Of Neurovascular Unit Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of the blood-brain barrier during aging

Cao,

Xu,

Liu

2024

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a complex and dynamic interface that regulates the exchange of molecules and cells between the blood and the central nervous system. It undergoes structural and functional changes during aging, which may compromise its integrity and contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, advances in microscopy and high-throughput bioinformatics have allowed a more in-depth investigation of the aging mechanisms of BBB. This review summarizes age-related alterations of the BBB structure and function from six perspectives: endothelial cells, astrocytes, pericytes, basement membrane, microglia and perivascular macrophages, and fibroblasts, ranging from the molecular level to the human multi-system level. These basic components are essential for the proper functioning of the BBB. Recent imaging methods of BBB were also reviewed. Elucidation of age-associated BBB changes may offer insights into BBB homeostasis and may provide effective therapeutic strategies to protect it during aging.

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Insulin and IGF-1 elicit robust transcriptional regulation to modulate autophagy in astrocytes

Cited by 9 publications

References 82 publications

Fibroblast growth factor 1 ameliorates thin endometrium in rats through activation of the autophagic pathway

Fibroblast growth factor 1 ameliorates thin endometrium in rats through activation of the autophagic pathway

Exploring the protective effects of herbal monomers against diabetic retinopathy based on the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis: A review

Alterations of the blood-brain barrier during aging

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