Insulin Action in the Normal and Polycystic Ovary

Anti-Müllerian hormone: a new marker for ovarian function

“…The increased insulin levels in some PCOS women can, in part, account for the hyperandrogenism, because insulin acts synergistically with LH to enhance androgen production by theca cells (Franks et al 1999). However, serum AMH levels do not seem to correlate with BMI and insulin levels , Fleming et al 2005.…”

“…In contrast, in a small study, La Marca et al (2004b) observed a positive correlation between serum AMH levels and the HOMA index, an insulin resistance index calculated from fasting insulin and fasting glucose levels. Improvement of insulin levels by insulin-lowering drugs, such as metformin and thiazolidinediones, which also indirectly affect androgen production, have been shown to be beneficial in PCOS women (Franks et al 1999). In a study of obese PCOS women, metformin treatment suppressed androstenedione levels and ovulation rate (Fleming et al 2005), although androgen levels were still above the upper limit of the normal range.…”

Reproduction and Metabolism: Insights from Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

“…Pituitary sensitivity to GnRH is also increased, which appears to be estrogen-mediated [42]. Increased LH levels stimulate increased ovarian theca cell androgen production [43]. PCOS theca cells secrete increased androgens, both basally and in response to LH [44].…”

“…Acyclic FSH secretion results in arrested ovarian follicular development so that granulosa cells do not develop sufficient aromatase capacity to completely aromatize androgens into estrogens [43].…”

Yüksek fruktoz içerikli beslenmenin overlerde perilipin ekspresyonu ve polikistik over gelişimi ile ilişkisi

“…Bu olay PCOS'ta küçük antral foliküllerin granüloza hücre luteinizasyonlarına neden olmakta, hücre çoğalması ve folikül büyümesi durmaktadır. Hiperandrojenizm, erken folliküler atreziye ve bunun sonucunda oligo-/ anovulasyona neden olmaktadır [10][11][12][13]. Bazal koşullarda serum androstenedion seviyesi antral folikül sayısını belirlemektedir.…”