Instrumental Learning

Abstract

Instrumental conditioning; Operant conditioning DefinitionInstrumental learning is a type of learning in which behaviors are strengthened or weakened by their consequences. It refers to nonreflexive behaviors that are instrumental in producing changes to the environment. Instrumental learning differs from Pavlovian (aka respondent or reflexive) conditioning in that it involves voluntary behaviors or actions, both overt and covert. Consequences are typically classified as either reinforcing (which have a strengthening effect on the response) or punishing (which have a weakening effect).