Instrumental and Classical Conditioning

Weiss, Stanley J.

doi:10.1002/9781118468135.ch17

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The lower limit in PCV, Hb , RBCs , MCV , MCHC and platelets ranges of this study were lower, while the MCH similar, moreover the upper limit in PCV , Hb , RBCs , MCV and platelets agreed , while the MCHC higher to that reported by (3,4) The differences in small letters horizontally refer to presence of significant value at (P˂ 0.05).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

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The hematological parameters in clinically normal lactating and ewes affected with mastitis

Hadithy¹,

Suleiman²

2014

Kufa Jou. Vete. Med. Sci.

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The aim of the present study was to the determine the ranges and means ± SE of hematological parameters in Naemi clinically healthy lactating and ewes with mastitis . The study was conducted on 50 normal and 50 ovine mastitis ( 19 clinical and 31 subclinical ) infected with staphylococcus aureus, both groups aged 2-5 years in Salah al-ddin governorate / Iraq . The blood samples were collected from jugular vein during the period October 2012 till April 2013 . Results showed that the means ± SEin normal lactating and ovine mastitis were as follows ; Packed cell volume ( PCV ) 28 ± 0.27 % and 21.76 ± 0.46 % , hemoglobin (Hb) 9.4 ± 0.12g /dl and 7.56 ± 0.14 g / dl , red blood cell count ( RBC ) 9.52 ± 0.11 ×10⁶/µL and 7.67±0.19 × 10⁶/µL , mean cell volume ( MCV ) 29.39 ± 0.19 fl and 28.43 ± 0.32 fl , mean cell hemoglobin ( MCH ) 9.83 ± 0.08 pg and 9.88 ± 0.08 pg , mean cell hemoglobin concentration ( MCHC ) 33.51 ± 0.19 g/dl and 34.94 ± 0.33 g/dl , erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR ) 6.28 ± 0.15 mm / 24 hrs and 27.08 ± 2.97 mm / 24 hrs , Platelets 247.22 ± 17.88 × 10³/µL and 185.58 ± 14.55 ×10³/µL , white blood cell count ( WBC ) 8.18 ± 0.22 x10³/µL and 14.38±0.26 ×10³/µL, lymphocytes 4509.6 ± 127.6 and 5033.4 ± 412.7 / µL , neutrophils 2857.2 ± 129.2 and 7714.8 ± 415.5/µL , monocytes 371.3 ± 32.7 and 846.9 ± 38.8/µL , eosinophils 331.2 ± 18.8 and 294.7 ± 24.4/µL and basophils 100.6 ± 7.3 and 463 ± 33 / µL respectively . The PCV, Hb , RBC and platelets were significantly higher ( P < 0.05) in normal lactating compared to that of ovine mastitis . The MCV, MCH and MCHC showed no significant differences between normal and ewes with matitis. While ESR and WBC count were significantly lower in normal lactating. Moreover the results revealed significant differences (P < 0.05) in some hematological values of different subgroups .

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The WBC of the present study in normal lactating ewes were close, while the upper limit of monocytes and basophils were higher ( 3,4,5 ) . The values of WBC , lymphocyte, neutrophil, monocyte and eosinophil showed a significant decreased ,while, basophil revealed no significant difference with ( 18 ) .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

The hematological parameters in clinically normal lactating and ewes affected with mastitis

Hadithy¹,

Suleiman²

2014

Kufa Jou. Vete. Med. Sci.

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“…Learning Theory: Constructivist Piaget (1967), Vygotskii (1978), Huffy and Janassen (1992) Example primary activities: Reynolds (1975), Weiss (2014) Example primary activities:…”

Section: Flipped Classroommentioning

confidence: 99%

Student Performance in Conventional and Flipped Classroom Learning Environments

2016

Appl. Eng. Agric.

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“…This convergent evolution among phylogenetically unrelated taxa resulted in strategies of host-invasion, transmission between, and survival within their hosts (Poulin, 2011; Poulin and Randhawa, 2015). One clade of obligate intracellular parasites is the Microsporidia (Keeling and Fast, 2002; Vávra and Lukeš, 2013; Weiss and Becnel, 2014). While the diversity of Microsporidia and their infection mechanisms are somewhat understood, it is still not clear how their unique characteristics, and thus how this clade itself, evolved (Keeling and Fast, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microsporidians infect a wide range of animals and some protists (Adl et al, 2019; Becnel and Andreadis, 1999; Foissner and Foissner, 1995; Vávra and Lukeš, 2013; Vossbrinck and Debrunner-Vossbrinck, 2005). Thus far, more than 1,300 species are described (Franzen, 2008; Weiss and Becnel, 2014), many of them being harmful and emergent pathogens of socio-economic importance (Fries, 1993; Keeling and Fast, 2002; Kent et al, 1989; Stentiford et al, 2016; Weber et al, 1994). While microsporidians display a wide complexity in their infection pathways using a unique polar filament for host invasion, they otherwise have had a rather reductive evolution in their cellular organization (Dean et al, 2018; Katinka et al, 2001; Keeling and Corradi, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

O Short-branch Microsporidia, Where Art Thou? Identifying diversity hotspots for future sampling

Gross,

Rajter,

Mahé

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Short-branch Microsporidia were previously shown to form a basal grade within the expanded Microsporidia clade and to branch near the classical, long-branch Microsporidia. Although they share simpler versions of some morphological characteristics, they do not show accelerated evolutionary rates, making them ideal candidates to study the evolutionary trajectories that has led to long-branch microsporidians unique characteristics. However, most sequences assigned to the short-branch Microsporidia are undescribed, novel environmental lineages for which the identification requires knowledge of where they can be found. To direct future isolation, we used the EukBank database of the global UniEuk initiative that contains the majority of the publicly available environmental V4 SSU-rRNA gene sequences of protists. The curated OTU table and corresponding metadata were used to evaluate the occurrence of short-branch Microsporidia across freshwater, hypersaline, marine benthic, marine pelagic, and terrestrial environments. Presence-absence analyses infer that short-branch Microsporidia are most abundant in freshwater and terrestrial environments, and alpha- and beta-diversity measures indicate that focusing our sampling effort on these two environments would cover a large part of their overall diversity. These results can be used to coordinate future isolation and sampling campaigns to better understand the mysterious evolution of microsporidians unique characteristics.

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Instrumental and Classical Conditioning

Cited by 10 publications

References 65 publications

The hematological parameters in clinically normal lactating and ewes affected with mastitis

The hematological parameters in clinically normal lactating and ewes affected with mastitis

Student Performance in Conventional and Flipped Classroom Learning Environments

O Short-branch Microsporidia, Where Art Thou? Identifying diversity hotspots for future sampling

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