Instrument Development and Validation to Assess Care Barriers for Patients in Saudi Arabia with Oral Clefts

Khogeer, Layla; Helal, Narmin S.; Basri, Osama; Madani, Sara Saeedi; Basri, Abeer; El-Houseiny, Azza A

doi:10.3390/ijerph18073399

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…There were 3 factors (geographic accessibility, appointment availability and accessibility, and scheduling-related barriers) with eigenvalues above 1.00, which collectively accounted for 73% of the variance. Hence, this tool is valid and reliable for evaluating the accessibility to and barriers for patients requiring OFC care in Saudi Arabia (Khogeer et al, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Care Barriers for Patients With Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Allaf

Helal

Basri

et al. 2021

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal

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Objective: To evaluate the barriers faced by patients with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFC) throughout their treatment course in Saudi Arabia. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Eleven different governmental health care centers across Saudi Arabia. Patients: Records of pediatric patients with NSOFC. Interventions: A questionnaire with multiple validation stages was designed to assess the barriers in care of these patients through telephonic interviews with the parents or guardians of patients with NSOFC. Main Outcome Measures: We identified 3 care-barrier–related factors: (1) geographic accessibility, (2) appointment availability and accessibility, and (3) scheduling-related barriers. Results: Overall, 240 participants of both sexes, with orofacial cleft of various types and with various demographic characteristics (residence, family monthly income, and caregiver level of education) were included. The highest mean score of care barriers was reported for scheduling-related barriers. Overall, 186 individuals reported sometimes/often not receiving the required medical care for the following reasons: scheduling difficulties (89%; 37.1%), prolonged waiting room time (40%; 16.7%), and transportation difficulties (36%; 15.0%). A linear regression showed that parents cited late appointments as the main reason for patients with NSOFC not receiving adequate medical care. Care-barrier factors were significantly related to gender ( P = .035), patient age ( P < .001), place of residency ( P < .001), and caregiver’s level of education ( P = .015). Conclusions: Gaps in the health care system directly related to common care barriers need to be addressed to ensure adequate care for patients with NSOFC.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Internal consistency for the 9-item Arabic version was verified in a sample of 19 parents of children with OFC. Cronbach a was calculated for the 9-item Arabic version, and the result revealed that the questionnaire was reliable (Cronbach a ¼ .86; Khogeer et al, 2021).…”

Section: Assessment Of the Study Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Care Barriers for Patients With Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Allaf

Helal

Basri

et al. 2021

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal

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Barriers to Healthcare Access Scale for People with Physical Disabilities: Development, Validation and Use

Tamboli,

Nagarkar

2024

Journal of Health Management

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The study was designed to develop and validate a scale for measuring barriers to healthcare and to examine barriers in the case of people with physical disabilities. A 35-item scale with a four-factor structure was developed using principal component analysis, and the scale’s psychometric properties were examined using confirmatory factor analysis. The scale was administered to a sample of 402 people with a physical disability. Descriptive analysis and a chi-square test were performed to study the distribution of barriers across various sociodemographic characteristics. The scale identified four barriers: Health system, transportation and geographical, attitudinal and social and financial barriers. The Cronbach’s α was 0.976, indicating high reliability. The sample consisted of 57.2% men and 42.8% women. More than 90% reported facing barriers while accessing healthcare, but the financial barrier was significantly more. Increasing age and low levels of education were significantly associated with all four categories of barriers. Rural residence was associated with geographical and transportation barriers ( P value = 0.02), while working status was associated with the financial barrier ( P value = 0.03). Greater attention is needed to the financial and transport assistance for people with disabilities. The new tool, d-BAR, is contextual and valuable in identifying barriers to accessing healthcare among people with disabilities.

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Instrument Development and Validation to Assess Care Barriers for Patients in Saudi Arabia with Oral Clefts

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Care Barriers for Patients With Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Care Barriers for Patients With Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Barriers to Healthcare Access Scale for People with Physical Disabilities: Development, Validation and Use

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