Instrument concept of the imaging Fourier transform spectrometer GLORIA

Friedl-Vallon, Felix; Gulde, T.; Hase, Frank; Kleinert, Anne; Kulessa, T.; Maucher, G.; Neubert, Tom; Olschewski, F.; Piesch, C.; Preusse, Peter; Rongen, Heinz; Sartorius, C.; Schneider, H. A.; Schönfeld, A.; Tan, V.; Bayer, N.; Blank, J.; Dapp, R.; Ebersoldt, A.; Fischer, H.; Graf, F.; Guggenmoser, T.; Höpfner, Michael; Kaufmann, Martín; Kretschmer, Erik; Latzko, Thomas; Nordmeyer, H.; Oelhaf, H.; Orphal, J.; Riese, Martin; Schardt, G.; Schillings, J.; Sha, Mahesh Kumar; Suminska-Ebersoldt, O.; Ungermann, Jörn

doi:10.5194/amt-7-3565-2014

Cited by 97 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…From the intensities of the measured spectrally resolved radiation, atmospheric parameters like temperature and a variety of trace gases can be retrieved. A detailed description of the GLORIA measurement concept can be found in Friedl-Vallon et al (2014).…”

Section: Measurement Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of blackbody inhomogeneity and its effect on the retrieval results of the GLORIA instrument

Kleinert

Krisch²,

Ungermann³

et al. 2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. Limb sounding instruments play an important role in the monitoring of climate trends, as they provide a good vertical resolution. Traceability to the International System of Units (SI) via onboard reference or transfer standards is needed to compare trend estimates from multiple instruments. This study investigates the required uncertainty of these radiation standards to properly resolve decadal trends of climate-relevant trace species like ozone, water vapor, and temperature distribution for the Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA). Temperature nonuniformities of the onboard reference blackbodies, used for radiometric calibration, have an impact on the calibration uncertainty. The propagation of these nonuniformities through the retrieval is analyzed. A threshold for the maximum tolerable uncertainty of the blackbody temperature is derived, so that climate trends can be significantly identified with GLORIA.

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Section: Measurement Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of blackbody inhomogeneity and its effect on the retrieval results of the GLORIA instrument

Kleinert

Krisch²,

Ungermann³

et al. 2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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“…Airborne observations by MIPAS-STR (e.g., Piesch et al, 1996;Woiwode et al, 2012, and references therein) and CRISTA-NF (e.g., Ungermann et al, 2012) showed that middle infrared observations allow the resolution of narrow vertical structures in trace gas distributions along flight track with high accuracy under cloud-free conditions. The next generation of infrared limb sounders involves imaging detectors, and the airborne prototype instrument GLORIA (Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere) successfully demonstrated the capabilities of this new detection technique (Friedl-Vallon et al, 2014;Riese et al, 2014). Here, we use observations by the airborne MIPAS-STR to investigate the synergy with the MARSCHALS mm-wave observations under scenarios characterized by different cloudiness.…”

Section: Infrared Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy between middle infrared and millimeter-wave limb sounding of atmospheric temperature and minor constituents

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Synergistic exploitation of redundant and complementary information from independent observations of the same target remains a major issue in atmospheric remote sounding and increasing attention is devoted to investigate optimized or innovative methods for the combination of two or more measured data sets. This paper focuses on the synergy between middle infrared and millimeterwave limb sounding measurements of atmospheric composition and temperature and reports the results of a study conducted as part of the preparatory activities of the PRE-MIER (Process Exploration through Measurements of Infrared and millimeter-wave Emitted Radiation) mission candidate to the Core Missions of the European Space Agency (ESA) Earth Explorer 7. The activity was based on data acquired by the MIPAS-STR (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding -STRatospheric aircraft) and MARSCHALS (Millimetre-wave Airborne Receivers for Spectroscopic CHaracterisation in Atmospheric Limb Sounding) instruments on-board the high-altitude research aircraft M-55 Geophysica during the flight of the PremierEx (PREMIER Experiment) campaign on 10 March 2010 from Kiruna, Sweden, for observation of the Arctic upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The cloud coverage observed along the flight provided representative test cases to evaluate the synergy in three different scenarios: low clouds in the first part, no clouds in the central part and high tropospheric clouds at the end. The calculation of synergistic profiles of four atmospheric targets (i.e., O 3 , HNO 3 , H 2 O and temperature) was performed using a posteriori combination of individual retrieved profiles, i.e., Level 2 (L2) data rather than simultaneous inversion of observed radiances, i.e., Level 1 (L1) data. An innovative method of data fusion, based on the Measurement Space Solution (MSS) was applied along with the standard approach of inversion of MARSCHALS spectral radiances using MIPAS-STR retrieval products as a priori information (L1 + L2 method). A quantitative estimate and cross-check of the results of MSS data fusion and (L1 + L2) method was achieved based on a specific set of quantifiers including the total retrieval error, the number of degrees of freedom, the relative information distribution and the synergy factor.

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“…This enables remote sensing observations with high vertical and horizontal resolution to resolve small-scale structures (see Riese et al, 2014). The spectral sampling can be switched between 0.625 and 0.0625 cm −1 at the cost of an increased acquisition time in the case of higher spectral resolution (Friedl-Vallon et al, 2014). The gimbal mount and inertial altitude control system allows GLORIA to maintain a steady pointing on a moving aircraft; it can also be used to point the instrument at a range of azimuth angles with respect to the aircraft, covering about 70 • .…”

Section: Gloria (Aircraft Remote Sensing)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of Antarctic stratospheric strongly dehydrated air into the troposphere observed during the HALO-ESMVal campaign 2012

Rolf¹,

Afchine²,

Bozem

et al. 2015

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Dehydration in the Antarctic winter stratosphere is a well-known phenomenon that is annually observed by satellites and occasionally observed by balloon-borne measurements. However, in situ measurements of dehydrated air masses in the Antarctic vortex are very rare. Here, we present detailed observations with the in situ and GLO-RIA remote sensing instrument payload aboard the German aircraft HALO. Strongly dehydrated air masses down to 1.6 ppmv of water vapor were observed as far north as 47 • S in an altitude between 12 and 13 km in the lowermost stratosphere. The dehydration can be traced back to individual ice formation events above the Antarctic Peninsula and Plateau, where ice crystals sedimented out and water vapor was irreversibly removed. Within these dehydrated stratospheric air masses, filaments of moister air reaching down to the tropopause are detected with the high-resolution limb sounder, GLORIA. Furthermore, dehydrated air masses are observed with GLORIA in the Antarctic lowermost stratosphere down to 7 km. With the help of a backward trajectory analysis, a midlatitude origin of the moist filaments in the vortex can be identified, while the dry air masses down to 7 km have stratospheric origins. Antarctic stratospheretroposphere exchange (STE) and transport of dehydrated air masses into the troposphere are investigated. Further, it is shown that the exchange process can be attributed to several successive Rossby wave events in combination with an isentropic exchange of air masses across the thermal tropopause.The transport into the troposphere is caused by air masses that are detached from the potential vorticity (PV) structure by Rossby wave breaking events and subsequently transported diabatically across the dynamical tropopause. Once transported to the troposphere, air masses with stratospheric origin can reach near-surface levels within several days.

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Instrument concept of the imaging Fourier transform spectrometer GLORIA

Cited by 97 publications

References 35 publications

Characterization of blackbody inhomogeneity and its effect on the retrieval results of the GLORIA instrument

Characterization of blackbody inhomogeneity and its effect on the retrieval results of the GLORIA instrument

Synergy between middle infrared and millimeter-wave limb sounding of atmospheric temperature and minor constituents

Transport of Antarctic stratospheric strongly dehydrated air into the troposphere observed during the HALO-ESMVal campaign 2012

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