Instructive Neuronal Differentiation Factors

Patterson, Paul H.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-057132-4.50023-x

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 281 publications

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“…Previous studies have suggested that bFGF and CNTF may act as phenotypic switches, inducing cholinergic differentiation and suppressing adrenergic differentiation (Saadat et al, 1989;Patterson, 1993) . Our studies of TH development in IMR-32 cells show that these growth factors can also enhance adrenergic differentiation by increasing the synthesis of TH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development and maintenance of mature neurotransmitter properties are regulated, in part, by extrinsic signals that direct the expression of neurotransmitter synthesizing enzymes (Patterson, 1978) . Although our understanding of the nature of these signals is still evolving, polypeptide growth factors are considered to be important regulators of neurotransmitter enzyme synthesis (Patterson, 1993) . The two most thoroughly studied neurotransmitter enzymes are choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) (acetyl-CoA :choline O-acetyltransferase ; EC 2 .3 .1 .6), the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of acetylcholine, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase ; EC 1 .14 .16 .2), 2404 the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of catecholamines .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Expression in IMR‐32 Neuroblastoma Cells by Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor

Rabinovsky¹,

Ramchatesingh²,

McManaman

1995

Journal of Neurochemistry

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The actions of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene expression were studied using IMR‐32 neuroblastoma cells. Treatment of these cells with bFGF for 3 days induced the expression of detectable levels of immunoreactive TH protein and TH mRNA. In contrast, CNTF did not affect TH expression unless bFGF was present. In the presence of saturating amounts of bFGF, CNTF increased TH protein and mRNA levels of TH two‐ to threefold over those found in bFGF‐treated cultures. The effects of CNTF on TH expression diminished with increasing culture time, and after 6 days of incubation CNTF no longer enhanced TH levels. The requirement for bFGF as cofactor in the effects of CNTF on TH was specific, as CNTF did not affect TH when it was coadministered with 8‐(4‐chlorophenylthio)‐cyclic AMP, another agent that stimulates TH development in this cell line, and bFGF was not required for CNTF to stimulate the development of choline acetyltransferase. Moreover, cotreatment with bFGF reduced the ability of CNTF to enhance choline acetyltransferase. These results demonstrate that bFGF and CNTF can enhance expression of TH and that bFGF can modify the effects of CNTF on neurotransmitter phenotype.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Expression in IMR‐32 Neuroblastoma Cells by Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor

Rabinovsky¹,

Ramchatesingh²,

McManaman

1995

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…The transient and marked increase in VIP-LI 2-5 days after transplantation may be a sign of environmentally induced neuronal plasticity (Ekström 1981;Mulderry and Lindsay 1990;Stevens and Landis 1990;Wakisaka et al 1991;Patterson 1993;Fan and Smith 1993;Hökfelt et al 1994;Klimaschewski et al 1994). The grafts are likely to be exposed to various neurotropic factors and other messenger substances as a result of the transplantation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Initial increase and subsequent loss of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity in acetylcholinesterase-positive neurons of mouse islets transplanted to the kidney

Persson–Sjögren

Forsgren

Rooth

et al. 1996

Cell and Tissue Research

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Collagenase-isolated pancreatic islets from C57BL/6J mice were cultured overnight and transplanted under the kidney capsule of non-diabetic syngeneic hosts. Cryostat sections of grafts and fresh islets were stained for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-like immunoreactivity (VIP-LI). Immediately after isolation, as well as 2-5 days after transplantation, VIP-LI- and AChE-positive nerve cell bodies were clearly seen in the periphery of the islets. Grafts 3-5 days old exhibited a transient and marked increase in VIP-LI nerve cell bodies and fibres. Seven days after transplantation VIP-LI nerve structures began to decrease in number and after 26-52 weeks they were no longer detectable. In contrast, AChE-positive nerve cell bodies and fibers, which showed a relatively constant pattern of distribution, were observed throughout the entire observation period. Restaining experiments demonstrated the coexistence of VIP-LI and AChE activity in the neurons. It is concluded that the grafts were extensively equipped with an intrinsic VIP-ergic and AChE-positive innervation. The initial, transient enhancement of VIP-LI expression probably reflects an adaptation of the neuro-insular complex to the preganglionic denervation, or to the ectopic environment, or both.

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Instructive Neuronal Differentiation Factors

Cited by 2 publications

References 281 publications

Regulation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Expression in IMR‐32 Neuroblastoma Cells by Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor

Regulation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Expression in IMR‐32 Neuroblastoma Cells by Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor

Initial increase and subsequent loss of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity in acetylcholinesterase-positive neurons of mouse islets transplanted to the kidney

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