Instructing durable humoral immunity for COVID-19 and other vaccinable diseases

Bhattacharya, Deepta

doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2022.05.004

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 289 publications

(345 reference statements)

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“…Serum binding antibodies in the prior-infected group did increase after boosting and remained higher at day 60 than baseline, in contrast to all other measurements of antibody and B-cell activity that were unchanged between the two timepoints. It is unclear why the increase was limited to binding antibodies but this may be related to the induction of short-lived plasmablasts that are more likely to produce binding but not more matured neutralizing antibodies (Bhattacharya, 2022). It is noteworthy that binding antibody titers against ancestral and most variants declined between day 30 and 60 in the prior-infected group, but not the uninfected or post-infected groups, consistent with a short-lived plasmablast-mediated rise in the prior-infected group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recent studies show booster doses increase potency and breadth of the neutralizing antibody response and the induction of strong CD4 + T-cell and memory B-cell responses against variants of concern (VOC) (Goel et al, 2022; Zhang et al, 2022). Boosted immunity as a result of infection and vaccination, commonly referred to as hybrid immunity, is also highly protective against VOC (Bhattacharya, 2022; Laidlaw and Ellebedy, 2022). In a study designed to delineate the effects of mRNA vaccination and/or previous infection on symptomatic infection and severity of disease from Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2, hybrid immunity resulting from previous infection and three doses of vaccine provided the best protection (Altarawneh et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent SARS-CoV-2 infection abrogates antibody and B-cell responses to booster vaccination

Buckner

Kardava

Merhebi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster vaccines provide protection from severe disease, eliciting strong immunity that is further boosted by previous infection. However, it is unclear whether these immune responses are affected by the interval between infection and vaccination. Over a two-month period, we evaluated antibody and B-cell responses to a third dose mRNA vaccine in 66 individuals with different infection histories. Uninfected and post-boost but not previously infected individuals mounted robust ancestral and variant spike-binding and neutralizing antibodies, and memory B cells. Spike-specific B-cell responses from recent infection were elevated at pre-boost but comparatively less so at 60 days post-boost compared to uninfected individuals, and these differences were linked to baseline frequencies of CD27lo B cells. Day 60 to baseline ratio of BCR signaling measured by phosphorylation of Syk was inversely correlated to days between infection and vaccination. Thus, B-cell responses to booster vaccines are impeded by recent infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent SARS-CoV-2 infection abrogates antibody and B-cell responses to booster vaccination

Buckner

Kardava

Merhebi

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Vaccination is considered one of the most essential ways to prevent the pandemic [2]. Many vaccines have been tested, granted, and eventually produced and delivered [3], such as the Moderna mRNA-1273 [4,5], Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 [6], and Janssen Ad26.COV2-S [7]. However, the newly emerged Omicron variants show the sharpest growth rate over other variants of concern (VOA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating Fuzzy Cognitive Inference for Vaccine Hesitancy Measuring

Sun

Zhao

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Vaccine hesitancy plays a key role in vaccine delay and refusal, but its measurement is still a challenge due to multiple intricacies and uncertainties in factors. This paper attempts to tackle this problem through fuzzy cognitive inference techniques. Firstly, we formulate a vaccine hesitancy determinants matrix containing multi-level factors. Relations between factors are formulated through group decision-making of domain experts, which results in a fuzzy cognitive map. The subjective uncertainty of linguistic variables is expressed by fuzzy numbers. A double-weighted method is designed to integrate the distinguished decisions, in which the subjective hesitancy is considered for each decision. Next, three typical scenarios are constructed to identify key and sensitive factors under different experimental conditions. The experimental results are further discussed, which enrich the approaches of vaccine hesitancy estimation for the post-pandemic global recovery.

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“…The plasma cells that produce such immunoglobulins can arise from multiple parallel pathways. These range from direct differentiation from naïve B cells upon primary infection or immunization to much more complex tracks involving affinity maturation in germinal centers (GCs) and intercalating memory B cell stages, which become progressively more complex over repeated antigenic exposures [1][2][3][4]. The contribution of each of these pathways to serum antibody has been difficult to deconvolute: studies of the clonal dynamics of antibody responses rely primarily on molecular analysis of immunoglobulin genes obtained from memory or GC B cells [5][6][7][8], and, although direct studies of the clonal composition of antibody in serum have been published [9,10], current technologies are unable to assign a cellular origin to antibodies of different specificities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular fate-mapping of serum antibodies reveals the effects of antigenic imprinting on repeated immunization

Schiepers

Wout

Greaney

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The ability of serum antibody to protect against pathogens arises from the interplay of antigen-specific B cell clones of different affinities and fine specificities. These cellular dynamics are ultimately responsible for serum-level phenomena such as antibody imprinting or "Original Antigenic Sin" (OAS), a proposed propensity of the immune system to rely repeatedly on the first cohort of B cells that responded to a stimulus upon exposure to related antigens. Imprinting/OAS is thought to pose a barrier to vaccination against rapidly evolving viruses such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Precise measurement of the extent to which imprinting/OAS inhibits the recruitment of new B cell clones by boosting is challenging because cellular and temporal origins cannot readily be assigned to antibodies in circulation. Thus, the extent to which imprinting/OAS impacts the induction of new responses in various settings remains unclear. To address this, we developed a "molecular fate-mapping" approach in which serum antibodies derived from specific cohorts of B cells can be differentially detected. We show that, upon sequential homologous boosting, the serum antibody response strongly favors reuse of the first cohort of B cell clones over the recruitment of new, naive-derived B cells. This "primary addiction" decreases as a function of antigenic distance, allowing secondary immunization with divergent influenza virus or SARS-CoV-2 glycoproteins to overcome imprinting/OAS by targeting novel epitopes absent from the priming variant. Our findings have implications for the understanding of imprinting/OAS, and for the design and testing of vaccines aimed at eliciting antibodies to evolving antigens.

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Instructing durable humoral immunity for COVID-19 and other vaccinable diseases

Cited by 36 publications

References 289 publications

Recent SARS-CoV-2 infection abrogates antibody and B-cell responses to booster vaccination

Recent SARS-CoV-2 infection abrogates antibody and B-cell responses to booster vaccination

Incorporating Fuzzy Cognitive Inference for Vaccine Hesitancy Measuring

Molecular fate-mapping of serum antibodies reveals the effects of antigenic imprinting on repeated immunization

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