Institutionalising cleaner production in China: the Cleaner Production Promotion Law

Drivers and barriers of extended supply chain practices for energy saving and emission reduction among Chinese manufacturers

“…For instance, China is the first country to enact both Cleaner Production Promotion Law (effective from January 1, 2003) and Circular Economy Promotion Law (effective from January 1, 2009). Huge size and diverse ecological conditions of China's different regions make it extremely difficult to come up with a general and standardized policy to handle regional environmental problems (Mol and Liu, 2005). Thus, based on these two promotion laws, each local administration has initiated own regulations on the basis of its level of economic development and the nature of its polluting problems.…”

Regional initiatives on promoting cleaner production in China: a case of Liaoning

“…Another key agency is the division of energy conservation and resource utilization (ECRU) at Liaoning Provincial Economic Commission, a provincial bureau leveled agency. While LPCP is the provincial governmental body in charge of compulsory cleaner production audit according to the Cleaner Production Promotion Law, ECRU is responsible for voluntary cleaner production audit (Note: Compulsory cleaner production audit is designed for those enterprises that exceed the national or local discharging standards or exceed the total volume control targets for pollutants set by the relevant local people's governments and those enterprises using toxic and hazardous materials in production or discharging toxic and hazardous substances according to the cleaner production promotion law (Mol and Liu, 2005)). To date, with the efforts of LCPC, 693 audited companies implemented 12,411 CP options with a total investment of 5.54 billion CNY (about US$ 815 million).…”

“…This law requires full control over all the production links e from production design, choice of energy resources and raw materials, technology, equipment maintenance, to waste recycling e so as to reduce pollution and promote resource recycling. It also requires the responsibility of each local administration to initiate appropriate regulations on the basis of its level of economic development and the nature of its polluting problems (Mol and Liu, 2005). This is because the huge size and diverse ecological conditions of China's different regions make it extremely difficult to come up with a general and standardized policy to handle regional environmental problems.…”

“…This regulation requires that enterprises and institutions that cause serious environmental pollution shall bring such pollution under control within specified time limits though they are given more flexibility in meeting control targets. It set forth the policy of "allotted time limits for fulfilling pollution control task" or "time limits" system for short (Mol and Liu, 2005). Its main objective is to identify the most serious and hazardous pollution sources from existing enterprises and to require them to take the necessary steps to eliminate and control the pollution in stages by conducting cleaner production.…”

Industrial Ecology in Developing Countries

“…In 2002, CP was included in policy in the Cleaner Production Promotion Law that was passed by the Chinese government in 2002. This law defi nes and sets goals and targets for clean industry, clearly specifi es implementation responsibilities and outlines ways to measure successful implementation of CP in industries (Mol and Liu 2005 ). Other developing countries are yet to frame policies to support and facil- Fig.…”