Among the greatest and most threatened shared assets and resources for life on earth are its oceans and seas. Over time, they have served not only as a source of food, livelihood, and inspiration but also as dumping grounds for industrial, municipal, and agricultural waste by nation-states, organizations, and individuals who may have been acting rationally from their own point of view, but not collectively. In his seminal work, Hardin (1968) called this collective damage the "tragedy of the commons." As proposed by Hardin (and many others), the solution to this tragedy is either state ownership or privatization. This response rationalized and legitimated governments' control over the commons and disempowered broader agency-suggesting, for instance, that individual citizens have no voice regarding the commons. The studies by political scientist and Nobel laureate Eleanor Ostrom (1990) questioned the existence of purely selfish and norm-free users of the commons and showed that individuals may create cooperative institutions, social norms, and moral sentiments to avoid the tragedy of the commons. The pioneering work by Ostrom established the notion of the commons as including both material-economic and sociosymbolic dimensions. From the perspective of the present book, what is interesting about the commons is that they have material dimensions (shared