Institutional Pressures and Isomorphism

Carter, Jeremy

doi:10.1177/1098611116639536

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Moreover, because perceived similarity is associated with increased information sharing between departments (Roberts & Roberts, 2007;Weisss, 1998) and police officers with a similar position in a nearby geographic area (Lewandowski & Nestel, 2016), it is logical to assume that regional fusion centers which are managed by those within their region, are uniquely positioned to enhance intelligence-led policing and data-driven police strategies because local police officers may share information more readily with their colleagues in the regional fusion center. This perspective is consistent with peer emulation principles of institutional theory that have been found to facilitate crime analysis (Giblin, 2006) and ILP (Carter, 2016). In addition to being more willing to send information and give feedback to the regional fusion center, the local police officers may place more value in products that were produced by analysts who they perceive to have a better understanding of the issues they face.…”

Section: Literature Reviewsupporting

confidence: 73%

The Utility of Fusion Centres to Enhance Intelligence-Led Policing: An Exploration of End-Users

Lewandowski

Carter

Campbell

2017

Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice

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A developing literature on intelligence-led policing (ILP) and law enforcement fusion centers contends that intelligence and data-driven policing practices can be enhanced through improved intelligence dissemination from fusion centers. The literature has remained relatively silent on the extent to which law enforcement has connectivity with fusion centers, perceive fusion center products to be useful, and further share intelligence products within their agency. The present study informs this knowledge gap using data gathered via an online survey of law enforcement subscribed to receive fusion center products. Bivariate logistic regression models showed that rural agencies tend to be the most informed about the fusion center of study while a disconnect was observed between the fusion center with respect to frontline personnel and analysts; especially in urban police, health, and fire organizations. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

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Section: Literature Reviewsupporting

confidence: 73%

The Utility of Fusion Centres to Enhance Intelligence-Led Policing: An Exploration of End-Users

Lewandowski

Carter

Campbell

2017

Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice

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“…We address these questions to police organizations to inform debates over reforming law enforcement. Although much is known about how policing policies diffuse spatially (Burruss and Giblin 2014;Carter 2016;Giblin 2006), less is known about how police practices spread. This is despite findings that law enforcement practices are only weakly related to police policies (Cordner and Biebel 2005;Manning 2008).…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Proximity and Police Departments: Spatial Dynamics of the Misdemeanor Arrest Decline

Beck

Holder

2022

Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World

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What makes police departments change their practices? Do they transform in isolation, or do they mimic their neighbors? Combining insights from organizational theory and urban sociology, the authors argue that organizational change diffuses, in part, through physically proximate institutions. They apply this theory to an underexamined trend: the decline of misdemeanor arrests in the United States between 1990 and 2018. The study first explores the spatial dynamics of low-level law enforcement by graphing and mapping trends across a range of metropolitan types, finding that suburbs made the fewest low-level arrests and central cities reduced their arrests the most during these years. A spatial autoregressive panel data model reveals that police departments decreased their misdemeanor arrests more when nearby departments did so, net of crime rates and other controls, evincing spatial mimicry. Police reform efforts need not target only state and federal governments but can diffuse outward from city-level changes.

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“…The measurement model for these processes in police organizations was made of mimesis and two normative pressures, publications and professionalization (Giblin & Burruss, 2009). Employing this model, researchers have evaluated the influence of institutional pressures in responding to homeland security concerns (Burruss et al, 2010), community policing (Burruss & Giblin, 2014), and intelligence-led policing (Carter, 2016). Findings from all three studies support change in police organizations due to institutional pressures, excluding available funding.…”

Section: Policing and Institutional Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Do New Chiefs Mean Fresh Perspectives? The Institutionalization of the Police Executive Environment

Matusiak

2021

Criminal Justice and Behavior

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Research suggests policing is a highly institutionalized field. Limited attention has been paid, however, to the institutionalization of leaders’ views. Assessing turnover in 71 Texas police organizations between October, 2011, and July, 2015, this research evaluates whether there is consistency (i.e., institutional homogenization) after turnover in chiefs’ perceptions of their environments and agency priorities. The research is unique in that it assesses two chiefs’ perceptions that have both led the same law enforcement agency in successive time periods. Assessments of environment and priorities from former chiefs and those replacing them are evaluated utilizing descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate methods. These assessments are also compared with a control group of chiefs from agencies not experiencing turnover. Bivariate results suggest little variation across current and former chiefs, whereas ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models suggest differing relationships across chiefs groups between environmental perceptions and agency priorities. Discussion of the findings is framed by institutional theory.

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Institutional Pressures and Isomorphism

Cited by 31 publications

References 75 publications

The Utility of Fusion Centres to Enhance Intelligence-Led Policing: An Exploration of End-Users

The Utility of Fusion Centres to Enhance Intelligence-Led Policing: An Exploration of End-Users

Proximity and Police Departments: Spatial Dynamics of the Misdemeanor Arrest Decline

Do New Chiefs Mean Fresh Perspectives? The Institutionalization of the Police Executive Environment

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