Instituting a Smoke-Free Policy for City Recreation Centers and Playgrounds, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 2010

Abstract

BackgroundIn the United States, more than 600 municipalities have smoke-free parks, and more than 100 have smoke-free beaches. Nevertheless, adoption of outdoor smoke-free policies has been slow in certain regions. Critical to widespread adoption is the sharing of knowledge about the policy development and implementation process. In this article, we describe our experience in making City of Philadelphia recreation centers and playgrounds smoke-free.Community ContextOf the 10 largest US cities, Philadelphia has among the highest rates of adult and youth smoking. Our objectives for an outdoor smoke-free policy included protecting against secondhand smoke, supporting a normative message that smoking is harmful, motivating smokers to quit, and mitigating tobacco-related sanitation costs.MethodsThe Philadelphia Department of Public Health and the Department of Parks and Recreation engaged civic leaders, agency staff, and community stakeholders in the following steps: 1) making the policy case, 2) vetting policy options and engaging stakeholders, and 3) implementing policy. Near-term policy impacts were assessed through available data sources.OutcomeMore than 220 recreation centers, playgrounds, and outdoor pools became smoke-free through a combined mayoral executive order and agency regulation. Support for the policy was high. Estimates suggest a policy reach of 3.6 million annual visitors and almost 850 acres of new smoke-free municipal property.InterpretationLocalities can successfully implement outdoor smoke-free policies with careful planning and execution. Such policies hold great potential for reducing exposure to secondhand smoke, promoting nonsmoking norms, and providing additional motivation for residents to quit smoking.

Linkage Between Poverty and Smoking in Philadelphia and Its Impact on Future Directions for Tobacco Control in the City

“…22 Access to cigarettes also can be considered a proximal cause of smoking because easier accessibility increases the likelihood of smoking. 10 Philadelphia has noted that the ease of accessibility to tobacco products increases the number of smokers in the city. 10 Cigarette prices are inexpensive in Pennsylvania compared to surrounding states.…”

“…10 Philadelphia attributes the high rates of smoking, smoking-related disease burden, mortality, and loss of productivity to high levels of poverty, inexpensive cigarettes, smoking norms, and the availability of cigarettes. 10 The research team set out to examine how poverty and smoking are related within the city utilizing publicly available data from the Philadelphia Department of Public Health, the 2012-2015 Public Health Management Corporation Household Health Survey, the Pennsylvania Department of Education, and the US Census Bureau. 1,2,[11][12][13] The team also explored individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and environmental multifaceted factors that influence smoking.…”

Communities putting prevention to work: Local evaluation of community-based strategies designed to make healthy living easier

“…Together, the articles in this issue provide a glimpse into strategies that communities used to prevent chronic diseases and associated health disparities in the United States. This issue complements an ever-increasing body of literature that describes implementation and evaluations of CPPW strategies (Baronberg et al, 2013; Barragan et al, 2014; Beets et al, 2012; Brokenleg et al, 2014; Cavanaugh et al, 2013, 2014; Cole et al, 2013; Drach et al, 2012; Dunn et al, 2012; Huberty et al, 2013; Jaskiewicz et al, 2013; Jilcott Pitts et al, 2012; Johns et al, 2012; Jordan et al, 2012; Kern et al 2014, Lafleur et al, 2013; Larson et al, 2013; Leung et al, 2013; Mandel-Ricci et al, 2013; Pitts et al, 2013a, 2013b; Robles et al, 2013; Wilson et al, 2012; Young et al, 2013). In addition, the core principles for strengthening the science of community health described in the commentary by Goodman and colleagues (in this issue) highlight the demonstrated successes of the CPPW program.…”

Pengaruh Faktor Pengelola terhadap Kepatuhan Pelaksanaan Peraturan Daerah tentang Kawasan Tanpa Rokok pada Hotel Berbintang di Kabupaten Badung

“…kepedulian dan dukungan dari orang-orang dewasa yang merokok sangat penting dan perlu terus ditingkatkan dalam penerapan kebijakan tersebut. 13 Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa pengaruh pengetahuan, sikap pengelola dan himbauan organisasi terhadap kepatuhan secara statistik tidak bermakna. Pengetahuan dan himbauan organisasi berpengaruh secara bermakna terhadap dukungan pengelola dalam penerapan Perda KTR.…”