Instantaneous Unburned Oil Consumption Measurement in a Diesel Engine Using SO2 Tracer Technique

Ariga, Susumu; Sui, Ping C.; Shahed, S. M.

doi:10.4271/922196

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…21 Schaberg et al and Ariga et al have both shown lubricating oil products to account for approximately 20% of the total PM mass from HD diesel engines. 21,22 While sulfate and lubricant contributions cannot be neglected for certification purposes, they are a minor contribution to overall PM and have been neglected in this study.…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Field Measurements of Particulate Matter Emissions, Carbon Monoxide, and Exhaust Opacity from Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles

Clark

Jarrett

Atkinson

1999

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Diesel particulate matter (PM) is a significant contributor to ambient air PM 10 and PM 2.5 particulate levels. In addition, recent literature argues that submicron diesel PM is a pulmonary health hazard. There is difficulty in attributing PM emissions to specific operating modes of a diesel engine, although it is acknowledged that PM production rises dramatically with load and that high PM emissions occur during rapid load increases on turbocharged engines. Snap-acceleration tests generally identify PM associated with rapid transient operating conditions, but not with high load. To quantify the origin of PM during transient engine operation, continuous opacity measurements have been made using a Wager 650CP full flow exhaust opacity meter. Opacity measurements were taken while the vehicles were operated over transient driving cycles on a chassis dynamometer using the West Virginia University (WVU) Transportable Heavy Duty Vehicle Emissions Testing Laboratories. Data were gathered from Detroit Diesel, Cummins, Caterpillar, and Navistar heavy-duty (HD) diesel engines. Driving cycles used were the Central Business District (CBD) cycle, the WVU 5-Peak Truck cycle, the WVU 5-Mile route, and the New IMPLICATIONS Data comparing integrated opacity and integrated PM mass over a transient diesel chassis test cycle have shown a poor correlation between the two measurements. This implies that opacity measurements may not prove to be a precise tool for identifying high PM emitters. Also, in developing models to describe instantaneous mass emissions of PM from a vehicle, it would be unwise to proportion the measured PM mass over the cycle with respect to opacity readings. There is a stronger correlation between CO and PM measurements for the case of a specific vehicle. Therefore, instantaneous CO readings may be used to proportion PM over a cycle to yield an instantaneous PM value. Even though this method may be undesirably inaccurate, it is the only tool presently available to create continuous PM data for inventory modeling using existing databases.

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Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Field Measurements of Particulate Matter Emissions, Carbon Monoxide, and Exhaust Opacity from Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles

Clark

Jarrett

Atkinson

1999

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…In addition, plenty of researchers' findings suggest [1][2][3] that the oil consumption rate significantly influences the particulate emission of the diesel engine. After the oil is thrown off into the combustion chamber, the particulate emission from the diesel engine will be increased.…”

Section: Introduction *mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of oil consumption in cylinder of diesel engine for optimization of piston rings

Zhang

et al. 2013

Chin. J. Mech. Eng.

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The performance and particulate emission of a diesel engine are affected by the consumption of lubricating oil. Most studies on oil consumption mechanism of the cylinder have been done by using the experimental method, however they are very costly. Therefore, it is very necessary to study oil consumption mechanism of the cylinder and obtain the accurate results by the calculation method. Firstly, four main modes of lubricating oil consumption in cylinder are analyzed and then the oil consumption rate under common working conditions are calculated for the four modes based on an engine. Then, the factors that affect the lubricating oil consumption such as working conditions, the second ring closed gap, the elastic force of the piston rings are also investigated for the four modes. The calculation results show that most of the lubricating oil is consumed by evaporation on the liner surface. Besides, there are three other findings: (1) The oil evaporation from the liner is determined by the working condition of an engine; (2) The increase of the ring closed gap reduces the oil blow through the top ring end gap but increases blow-by; (3) With the increase of the elastic force of the ring, both the left oil film thickness and the oil throw-off at the top ring decrease. The oil scraping of the piston top edge is consequently reduced while the friction loss between the rings and the liner increases. A neural network prediction model of the lubricating oil consumption in cylinder is established based on the BP neural network theory, and then the model is trained and validated. The main piston rings parameters which affect the oil consumption are optimized by using the BP neural network prediction model and the prediction accuracy of this BP neural network is within 8%, which is acceptable for normal engineering applications. The oil consumption is also measured experimentally. The relative errors of the calculated and experimental values are less than 10%, verifying the validity of the simulation results. Applying the established simulation model and the validated BP network model is able to generate numerical results with sufficient accuracy, which significantly reduces experimental work and provides guidance for the optimal design of the piston rings diesel engines.

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“…Schaberg et al [21] have shown the sulfate content of PM to be less than 1% for emissions from a modern diesel engine burning low-sulfur diesel fuel. Schaberg et al and Ariga et al [21,22] have both shown lubrication oil products to account for approximately 20% of the total PM mass from HD diesel engines. While sulfate and lubricant contributions could not be neglected for certification purposes, the author believes that they were a minor contribution to over-all PM and were neglected in this study.…”

Section: Chapter 2: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 shows average PM as a function of average CO from the transit bus tested through the different driving tests (tests 0920 and 0923 through 0926). Despite the wide range of CO/PM ratio values the plot shows a strong, linear correlation between PM and CO for the same engine exercised through different driving cycles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of opacity, particulate matter, and carbon monoxide from heavy-duty diesel transient chassis tests

Jarrett¹

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particulate levels. In addition, recent literature argues that sub-micron diesel PM is a pulmonary health hazard. There is difficulty in attributing PM emissions to specific operating modes of a diesel engine, although it is acknowledged that PM production rises dramatically with load and that high PM emissions occur during rapid load increases on turbocharged engines. Stringent regulations now limit PM emissions at the manufacturing level, but do not govern in use PM emissions. Many states have established roadside snap-acceleration tests accompanied with peak opacity readings to identify high PM emitting diesel engines. The accuracy of this testing method to quantify PM is in question, casting doubt on their validity as a basis for regulation. To evaluate snap-acceleration/opacity testing, the West Virginia University (WVU) Transportable Heavy Duty Vehicle Emission Testing Laboratories were used to collect emission and opacity data from vehicles exercised on a chassis dynamometer. The primary data for this research were obtained from a fleet of 1996 New Flyer buses in Flint, Michigan, equipped with electronically controlled Detroit Diesel Series 50 engines, with additional data from Cummins, Caterpillar, and Navistar heavy-duty diesel engines. In addition to snap-acceleration tests, the research. His cynical wit provided a humorous guide to questioning everything. With that being said, I question his wisdom in funding me towards a Ph.D. and mine in pursuing it. v I thank Chris Atkinson for his persistence and insistence to consistency and detail, Mridul Gautam for his unconditional support, and Tom (TR) Long for his friendly guidance throughout this ordeal. Thanks also goes out to Debbie Willis, Jean Kopasko, Marilyn Host, and Fern Wood for their tireless work in keeping the department running. Then there are my friends who have supported and encouraged me every step of the way. My dearest friend, Helen, who's confidence and faith in me helped to keep me going, and to her husband, David and mother, Jan, who's additional confidence made me think that Helen's might not be unfounded. Thanks to Patti and Richard, Bruce and Janis, June and Denise, and also Susan. Much thanks also goes to Wendy to whom I'm greatly indebted. And finally to Sara, who came into my life in the middle of all this and has stuck with me throughout. Thank you all for being such dear friends. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Instantaneous Unburned Oil Consumption Measurement in a Diesel Engine Using SO2 Tracer Technique

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Field Measurements of Particulate Matter Emissions, Carbon Monoxide, and Exhaust Opacity from Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles

Field Measurements of Particulate Matter Emissions, Carbon Monoxide, and Exhaust Opacity from Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles

Analysis of oil consumption in cylinder of diesel engine for optimization of piston rings

Evaluation of opacity, particulate matter, and carbon monoxide from heavy-duty diesel transient chassis tests

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