Instantaneous “catch‐and‐kill” inactivation of SARS‐CoV‐2 by nitride ceramics

Pezzotti, Giuseppe; Ohgitani, Eriko; Shin‐Ya, Masaharu; Adachi, Tetsuya; Marin, Elia; Boschetto, Francesco; Zhu, Wenliang; Mazda, Osam

doi:10.1002/ctm2.212

Cited by 22 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In Figures 2D-F, Si 3 N 4 granules appeared to be electrostatically attracted to the walls of the sporangia, as recently shown also with the viral particles of SARS-CoV-2, as a "catch-and-kill" mechanism (Pezzotti et al, 2020). The cell walls of Peronosporales consist of only limited amounts of chitin and predominantly of glucan complexes and mannoproteins (Werner et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…In the attempt to find new alternatives that could be developed into effective, environmentally safe agrochemicals, we have investigated the ability of silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), to knockdown P. viticola starting early in its infection cycle. The choice of this ceramic was based on its unique surface chemistry within an aqueous environment (Pezzotti, 2019) and its antibacterial (Pezzotti et al, 2018), antiviral (Pezzotti et al, 2020) and antifungal properties (Pezzotti, under review) while still being harmless to humans and widely used as a new therapeutic bioceramics in osteoarthropathy (Pezzotti et al, 2017;Dai et al, 2019;Calvert et al, 2020). Here we explore the possibility to consider Si 3 N 4 ) as a possible alternative for grapevine protection against P. viticola.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Bioceramic Silicon Nitride as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative for the Control of the Grapevine Downy Mildew Pathogen Plasmopara viticola

et al. 2020

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Downy mildew of grapevine, caused by Plasmopara viticola (Berk. and Curt.) Berl. and de Toni, is one of the most devastating diseases of grapevine, severely affecting grape and wine production and quality worldwide. Infections are usually controlled by the intensive application of synthetic fungicides or by copper-based products in organic farming, rising problems for soil contamination and adverse impacts on environment and human health. While strict regulations attempt to minimize their harmful consequences, the situation calls for the development of alternative fungicidal strategies. This study presents the unprecedented case of a bioceramic, silicon nitride, with antimicrobial properties against P. viticola, but without adverse effects on human cells and environment, opening the way to the possible extension of silicon nitride applications in agriculture. Raman spectroscopic assessments of treated sporangia in conjunction with microscopic observations mechanistically showed that the nitrogen-chemistry of the bioceramic surface affects pathogen’s biochemical components and cell viability, thus presenting a high potential for host protection from P. viticola infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Bioceramic Silicon Nitride as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative for the Control of the Grapevine Downy Mildew Pathogen Plasmopara viticola

et al. 2020

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“…Chilled on ice, 100 μL of each sample was added to the VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells that had been seeded into 96-well-plates at 5 x 10 4 /100 μL/well a day before. After culture for 4 days, cells were washed, fixed and stained with crystal violet solution to estimate CPE as described 28 . to each mixture and incubated at room temperature for 1 min.…”

Section: Tcid50 Assay For Virus Pretreated With Teamentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by a green tea catechin, a catechin-derivative and galloylated theaflavinsin vitro

Ohgitani

Shin‐Ya

Ichitani³

et al. 2020

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Potential effects of teas and their constituents on SARS-CoV-2 infection were studied in vitro. Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 was significantly reduced by a treatment with green tea, roasted green tea or oolong tea. Most remarkably, exposure to black tea for 1 min decreased virus titer to an undetectable level (less than 1/1,000 of untreated control). An addition of (-) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) significantly inactivated SARS-CoV-2, while theasinensin A (TSA) and galloylated theaflavins including theaflavin 3, 3’-di-gallate (TFDG) had more remarkable anti-viral activities. Virus treated with TSA at 500 μM or TFDG at 100 μM showed less than 1/10,000 infectivity compared with untreated virus. TSA and TFDG significantly inhibited interaction between recombinant ACE2 and RGD of S protein. These results strongly suggest that EGCG, and more remarkably TSA and galloylated theaflavins, inactivate the novel coronavirus.

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“…After incubation for 1 hour to allow attachment of the virus onto the cells, supernatant was replaced by fresh culture medium, and cells were cultured for 4 days. Cells were then washed, fixed and stained with crystal violet solution to estimate CPE as described 20 . TCID 50 values were calculated by Reed-Muench method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid inactivationin vitroof SARS-CoV-2 in saliva by black tea and green tea

Ohgitani

Shin‐Ya

Ichitani³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Saliva plays major roles in human-to-human transmission of the SARS-CoV-2. Recently we reported that black, green and oolong tea significantly inactivated SARS-CoV-2 within 1 min. Theaflavin-3,3’-di-gallate (TFDG), theasinensin A (TSA) and (-) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) were involved in the anti-viral activities. Here we examined how long period is required for the compounds to inactivate the virus. We also assessed whether tea inactivates SARS-CoV-2 diluted in human saliva. Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 with 500 μM TFDG or TSA for 10 sec reduced the virus titer to undetectable levels (less than 1/1,000). Black and green tea decreased virus titer to less than 1/100 within 10 sec even in saliva. These findings suggest a possibility that intake of, or gargling with, tea may inactivate SARS-CoV-2 in saliva in infected individuals, which may eventually attenuate spread of COVID-19 within a population, although clinical studies are required to test this hypothesis by determining the intensity and duration of the anti-viral effect of tea in saliva in humans.

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Instantaneous “catch‐and‐kill” inactivation of SARS‐CoV‐2 by nitride ceramics

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Bioceramic Silicon Nitride as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative for the Control of the Grapevine Downy Mildew Pathogen Plasmopara viticola

Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Bioceramic Silicon Nitride as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative for the Control of the Grapevine Downy Mildew Pathogen Plasmopara viticola

Significant inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by a green tea catechin, a catechin-derivative and galloylated theaflavinsin vitro

Rapid inactivationin vitroof SARS-CoV-2 in saliva by black tea and green tea

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