Instability in the root meristem of <i>Zea mays</i> L. during growth

Clowes, F. A. L.; Wadekar, Rekha V.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1989.tb04213.x

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Here, descendents of the QC were seen to intrude into the root cap. However, Clowes and Wadekar (1989) and the present author (PW Barlow unpublished) have repeatedly found similar images of intrusive cells arising apparently spontaneously in germinating roots of Z. mays.…”

Section: Redox Regulation Of Ram and Qcsupporting

confidence: 72%

The concept of the quiescent centre and how it found support from work with X-rays. II. The molecular aftermath

Barlow

2015

Plant Root

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With the advent of the molecular era of plant biology, the location and activity of the quiescent centre (QC) within the root meristem were reappraised with respect to the transport and distribution of hormones, especially auxin. Later, when methods for probing gene activity became established, the genes and their regulators that were identifiably specific to the QC were also actively studied, at first in relation to the establishment of the root and its QC in the proembryo and later in relation to the interaction of the QC with neighbouring meristem cells. Auxin distribution in and around the QC was found to be associated with co-located oxidative enzymes which established a redox system within the root apex. This system is pivotal in both maintenance of quiescence and the activation of cell proliferation in the QC via the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their interaction with mitochondria. These and other features of QC biology are summarised.

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Section: Redox Regulation Of Ram and Qcsupporting

confidence: 72%

The concept of the quiescent centre and how it found support from work with X-rays. II. The molecular aftermath

Barlow

2015

Plant Root

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“…Armstrong & Heimsch, 1976;Clowes & Wadekar, 1989). It is essential to see several roots of each kind not only to check the plane of sectioning, but also because open meristems can display different cell patterns according to the phase in tbe intermittent activity of the cells between tbe stelar poJe and the axial cells of the cap (Clowes, 1981(Clowes, , 1982.…”

Section: Materlals ' Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Golden Bantam, the cortex-epidermis complex is only one cell high near the root axis, but in ageing roots the normal cell pattern breaks down due to a reduction in the size of the quiescent centre which can be by as much as 36'^o as the root grows from 30 to 100 mm long and the productivity of the meristem falls (Clowes & Wadekar, 1989). One anomaly that can result from this is an increase in the number of cell tiers between the cap and the pole of the stele.…”

Section: Natural Changes In Chased Meristemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of the epidermis in root meristems

Clowes

1994

New Phytologist

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A survey of root meristems shows that in general, closed meristems, those with separate regions generating outer and inner tissues, derive the epidermis with the cortex in monocotyledons and with the cap in dicotyledons. Open meristems, where the cells between the stelar pole and cap divide transiently producing an unstable boundary between the cap and the rest of the root, also show a distinction between the classes, monocotyledons displaying greatest affinity between epidermis and cortex, dicotyledons between epidermis and cap.Exceptions in monocotyledons occur where there is a discrete epidermal meristem, an anticlinally di\iding, monostromatic sheet of cells between cortex and cap. This condition has been reliably found only in a few Boating plants and it is associated with the root being derived from both pericycle and endadermis of the mother organ. This is uncomnKin as a permanent feature In angiospcrms though not confined to those with discrete epidermises. The mother tissue producing the epidermis depends on the species. In many other monocotyledons with closed meristems the epidermis is functionally discrete, for the branching of the epidermal cell files from the cortical files is seen within the quiescent centre, i,e, it occurred during the meristem's initiation.Exceptions in dicotyledons nccur in the Xymphaeales. In their closed meristems the epidermis is part nf the cortical complex and in their open meristems its affinity with the cortex is manifest by early separation of the cap creating a cylindrical cleft in some genera. Differentiation of epidermal trichoblasts is also by a mode more characteristic of monocotyledons. Nelumbo roots, previously described as lacking an epidermis, as in gymnosperms, have closed menstems of dicotyledonous type and epidermises vvithoui distinctive trichobiasts, supporting Nelumbo's transfer fronn the Nymphaeales.The survey has corrected many errors of observation and interpretation in the literature enabling better use to be made of the mode of origin of r(K)t epidermises in discussing e\'olution and the new reel as si fi cation of angiosperms.

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“…5.5e). Many angiosperm families have representatives with both exclusively open and exclusively closed RAM's, while some species exhibit both types of RAM organization even in the same root at different times (Clowes and Wadekar 1989;Baum et al 2002). In these species, after closed/open switch meristems produce completely normal uniform roots, thus revealing that cell division pattern has no essential bearing on the resultant phenotype.…”

Section: Tissue Stresses and Morphogenesis In Rootsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Morphomechanics of Plants

Lipchinsky

2014

Morphomechanics of Development

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Plants operate with tensional and compressive stresses that are extreme by animal standards. These stresses vary sharply on sub-and supracellular scales, but are orchestrated at the organismal level and evolve in a well-defined way during morphogenetic events. Plant morphogenesis is accomplished by localized and anisotropic yielding of cell walls that accommodate turgor-driven extension without losing mechanical integrity. Plant cell walls are connected cohesively into a stressallocating network enabling mechanical forces to be efficiently transmitted and serve as a long-distance messenger that plays an important integrative and regulatory role. Mechanical forces control the dynamics of both cortical microtubules and phytohormone auxin transporters, the two key players in guiding plant morphogenesis. The onset of organogenetic events in shoots and roots is associated with stereotypical changes in the pattern of tissue stresses. Initiation of leaves, lateral roots, and root hairs can be rationalized within the framework of the concept of stress hyperrestoration.

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Instability in the root meristem of Zea mays L. during growth

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

The concept of the quiescent centre and how it found support from work with X-rays. II. The molecular aftermath

The concept of the quiescent centre and how it found support from work with X-rays. II. The molecular aftermath

Origin of the epidermis in root meristems

Morphomechanics of Plants

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