Inspiratory onset or termination induced by electrical stimulation of the brain

Bassal, Mahmoud; Bianchi, A.L.

doi:10.1016/0034-5687(82)90004-4

Cited by 74 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Early studies of paralyzed, ventilated cats showed that electrical stimulation of the dorsal PB induced the onset of and increased the amplitude of phrenic nerve activity (Baxter and Olszewski, 1955;Cohen, 1971;Baker and Remmers, 1982;Bassal and Bianchi, 1982), whereas phrenic nerve discharges were cut short by stimuli at more ventral sites (Bertrand and Hugelin, 197 1;Cohen, 197 1;Euler and Trippenbach, 1976;Baker and Remmers, 1982). Similar effects of electrical stimuli were observed in paralyzed, ventilated rats (Wang et al, 1993).…”

Section: Respiratory Responses To Pb Microstimulationsupporting

confidence: 50%

Topographic organization of respiratory responses to glutamate microstimulation of the parabrachial nucleus in the rat

1994

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The parabrachial complex, also known as the pneumotaxic center or pontine respiratory group, has long been recognized as an important participant in respiratory control. One line of evidence supporting this idea is the demonstration of changes in breathing pattern following injection of neuroactive substances into or near the parabrachial complex. However, it is not yet known exactly which cell groups and projections mediate those responses. In order to address this issue, we explored the topographic organization of respiratory responses to chemical stimulation of the parabrachial complex of the rat and examined the descending projections of the most sensitive sites. Injection of glutamate (5–100 pmol) at specific sites in or near the parabrachial nucleus produced three distinct site-specific response patterns. First, hyperpnea followed glutamate injection into far rostral and midcaudal areas of the Kolliker-Fuse nucleus and most of the lateral parabrachial nucleus, including the external lateral, central lateral, dorsal lateral, and superior lateral subnuclei. Threshold hyperpneic effects were manifested as single, deepened breaths of premature onset. Suprathreshold doses of glutamate at these locations produced tachypnea. Neurons in these sites projected to the ventral respiratory group in the ventrolateral medulla. Second, the most intense inspiratory facilitatory responses were seen at mid to rostral levels of the Kolliker-Fuse nucleus, near the ventrolateral tip of the superior cerebellar peduncle. Even at threshold doses of glutamate, exhalation was incomplete, resulting in a breathing pattern that resembled apneusis (an inspiratory cramp). This site contained an especially dense cluster of neurons that projected either to the ventrolateral medulla or to the dorsal respiratory group in the nucleus of the solitary tract, but not to both areas. The third type of response, decreases in respiratory rate, occurred following glutamate injection at the most lateral and ventral boundaries of the Kolliker- Fuse nucleus. The most sensitive apneic sites were not found in the parabrachial nucleus but along the dorsal and medial edge of the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus and extending ventrally between the sensory and motor trigeminal nuclei. Scattered neurons in these sites were retrogradely labeled from the ventral but not the dorsal respiratory group. These results indicate that there are anatomically and functionally distinct cell populations in and near the parabrachial complex that, when chemically stimulated, can produce specific and sometimes opposing effects on respiration. The predominant effect of lateral parabrachial stimulation is respiratory facilitation, while inhibitory effects are elicited by trigeminal injections of glutamate.

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Section: Respiratory Responses To Pb Microstimulationsupporting

confidence: 50%

Topographic organization of respiratory responses to glutamate microstimulation of the parabrachial nucleus in the rat

1994

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“…Cerebellar Purkinje neurons normally inhibit deep nuclei; regions within the cerebellar cortex, dentate, and fastigial deep nuclei showed higher signals in control subjects, presumably representing enhanced Purkinje influences on the deep nuclei that project to more rostral sites. Excitation of the fastigial nucleus augments breathing, and lesions reduce the ventilatory response to hypercapnia and hypoxia (33)(34)(35). Cardiovascular functions are also modified by fastigial action (36,37).…”

Section: Fmri During Cold Pressor In Cchsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant Neural Responses to Cold Pressor Challenges in Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome

Macey

Woo

et al. 2005

Pediatr Res

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“…Evidence in man from electrical stimulation of exposed cortex has shown very wide areas over the frontal lobes where changes in breathing pattern, either stimulatory or inhibitory, can be obtained (Kaada, 1960). In animals, particularly cat, Colle & Massion (1958) and Bassal & Bianchi (1982) have localized two areas in the frontal lobe from which excitation or inhibition of the phrenic motoneuronal output can be obtained with latencies as short as 4 ms, suggesting monosynaptic pathways. The effectiveness of the vertex site for inspiratory cortical 11 K. MURPHY, A. MIER, L. ADAMS, A. GUZ stimulation may therefore reflect widespread distribution of relevant neuronal pools.…”

Section: Amplitude With Different Ventilatory Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative cerebral cortical involvement in the ventilatory response to inhaled CO2 in conscious man.

Murphy

Mier

Adams

et al. 1990

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The response of the diaphragm to both transcranial magnetic stimulation and electrical phrenic nerve stimulation was studied in thirteen normal subjects under conditions of either a 'reflex' drive to ventilation with inhaled CO2 or during volitional ventilation of similar magnitude.2. The induced compound action potential in the diaphragm was recorded using an oesophageal electrode, and in some cases transdiaphragmatic pressure was recorded using oesophageal and gastric balloon catheters.3. The response of the diaphragm to transcranial magnetic stimulation was invariably facilitated with volitional inspiration; there was either minimal or no response at functional residual capacity.4. Facilitation w-ith inspiration was also seen during a 'reflex' drive to ventila-t-on with inhaled CO2 in the presumed absence of any volitional contribution to ventilation. A similar degree of facilitation was seen with voluntary ventilation of similar magnitude and pattern.5. If the facilitation is predominantly a cortical phenomenon, then these results imply that there is a behavioural component in the previously supposed purely 'reflex' drive to ventilation with inhaled CO2. We also discuss the interpretation of these results if some of the facilitation occurs at the phrenic motoneurone.

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Inspiratory onset or termination induced by electrical stimulation of the brain

Cited by 74 publications

References 16 publications

Topographic organization of respiratory responses to glutamate microstimulation of the parabrachial nucleus in the rat

Topographic organization of respiratory responses to glutamate microstimulation of the parabrachial nucleus in the rat

Aberrant Neural Responses to Cold Pressor Challenges in Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome

Putative cerebral cortical involvement in the ventilatory response to inhaled CO2 in conscious man.

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