Inspiratory muscle training improves physical performance and cardiac autonomic modulation in older women

Rodrigues, Gabriel Dias; Gurgel, Jonas Lí­rio; Gonçalves, Thiago Augusto; Soares, Pedro Paulo da Silva

doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3844-9

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Among the possible exercises the inspiratory muscle training (IMT) might be effective in improving CRCS. This position, taken in this study as a working hypothesis, is supported by numerous studies that suggested that IMT is able to improve RSA in both healthy and pathological subjects (Ferreira et al, 2013;Kaminski et al, 2015;Da Luz Goulart et al, 2016;Martins de Abreu et al, 2017;Karsten et al, 2018;Rodrigues et al, 2018). Even though the increase of RSA does not necessary imply an increase of CRCS (Eckberg and Karemaker, 2009;Porta et al, 2012, the unmodified cardiac baroreflex sensitivity observed after IMT of moderate intensity (DeLucia et al, 2018) prompts for a possible role of an empowered CRC to explain the after training elevation of RSA.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…This improvement is associated exclusively with an IMT training of moderate intensity. We suggest that the favorable effects of IMT of moderate intensity observed in patients featuring a high sympathetic drive (Ferreira et al, 2013;Da Luz Goulart et al, 2016;Martins de Abreu et al, 2017) and in healthy old subjects (Rodrigues et al, 2018) could be related to an improved CRC more evident under sympathetic stressor. The exploration of the mechanisms underlying the effects of MIP60 training might favor its specific application as a countermeasure of the progressive increase of sympathetic drive contributing to the decrease of CRCS in physiological and pathological situations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

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A Transfer Entropy Approach for the Assessment of the Impact of Inspiratory Muscle Training on the Cardiorespiratory Coupling of Amateur Cyclists

et al. 2020

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The strength of cardiorespiratory interactions diminishes with age. Physical exercise can reduce the rate of this trend. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is a technique capable of improving cardiorespiratory interactions. This study evaluates the effect of IMT on cardiorespiratory coupling in amateur cyclists. Thirty male young healthy cyclists underwent a sham IMT of very low intensity (SHAM, n = 9), an IMT of moderate intensity at 60% of the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP60, n = 10) and an IMT of high intensity at the critical inspiratory pressure (CIP, n = 11). Electrocardiogram, non-invasive arterial pressure, and thoracic respiratory movement (RM) were recorded before (PRE) and after (POST) training at rest in supine position (REST) and during active standing (STAND). The beat-to-beat series of heart period (HP) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) were analyzed with the RM signal via a traditional non-causal approach, such as squared coherence function, and via a causal model-based transfer entropy (TE) approach. Cardiorespiratory coupling was quantified via the HP-RM squared coherence at the respiratory rate (K 2 HP−RM), the unconditioned TE from RM to HP (TE RM→HP) and the TE from RM to HP conditioned on SAP (TE RM→HP|SAP). In PRE condition we found that STAND led to a decrease of TE RM→HP|SAP. After SHAM and CIP training this tendency was confirmed, while MIP60 inverted it by empowering cardiorespiratory coupling. This behavior was observed in presence of unvaried SAP mean and with usual responses of the baroreflex control and HP mean to STAND. TE RM→HP and K 2 HP−RM were not able to detect the post-training increase of cardiorespiratory coupling strength during STAND, thus suggesting that conditioning out SAP is important for the assessment

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

A Transfer Entropy Approach for the Assessment of the Impact of Inspiratory Muscle Training on the Cardiorespiratory Coupling of Amateur Cyclists

et al. 2020

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“…El primer mecanismo ocurre por la vinculación del lactato con la fatiga, debido a que existen estudios como el de Archiza, et al, (16) , sus resultados muestran que con el EMI se mejora el suministro de oxígeno y sanguíneo en la musculatura locomotora, retrasando la aparición de la fatiga. Lo anterior es enfatizado por Rodríguez, et al, quien presenta resultados similares en 20 mujeres AM, evidenciando una mejor capacidad aeróbica y retrasando la aparición de la fatiga (17) . La conclusión de estos autores es que al postergar la depleción de glucógeno, se pospone la fatiga, definiéndose ésta como "la incapacidad de seguir manteniendo una fuerza muscular apropiada al esfuerzo, llevando a disminuir la performance del sujeto" (18) .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Efecto del entrenamiento de la musculatura inspiratoria con válvula umbral sobre la capacidad funcional en mujeres físicamente activas mayores de 60 años

Espinoza-Salinas¹,

Arenas-Sánchez²,

Fernández-García³

et al. 2019

Univ. Salud

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Introducción: Los cambios fisiológicos asociados al envejecimiento generan una serie de modificaciones funcionales, destacando una disminución en la capacidad respiratoria. En este sentido, una estrategia alternativa para mejorar tal condición podría ser el entrenamiento de la musculatura inspiratoria (EMI). Objetivo: Analizar el efecto del EMI con válvula umbral, sobre la capacidad funcional en mujeres físicamente activas mayores de 60 años. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un EMI con válvula umbral durante 4 semanas, sobre un grupo experimental (GE; n:10), contrastado con un grupo control (GC; n:5). Se valoraron las siguientes variables hemodinámicas y antropométricas: peso, talla, índice de masa corporal (IMC), lactato, doble producto y capacidad funcional, analizando los cambios pre y post entrenamiento. Resultados: en el grupo GE disminuye post intervención la concentración de lactato y la escala de percepción del esfuerzo; 3,16±0,51 a 2,5±0,39 y 5,56 ± 1,81 a 4±2, respectivamente. En el mismo grupo se incrementan los valores de presión inspiratoria máxima (Pimáx) post intervención; 42,11±14,57 a 60,44±14,47. El GC no presentó cambios en sus valores. Conclusión: No se evidencian cambios favorables en los metros recorridos post intervención, sin embargo, el EMI mostró una disminución sobre la concentración de lactato post ejercicio, lo que podría identificar un retraso en la aparición de la fatiga.

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“…[9][10][11] This training has been applied in populations with different diseases, and it seems to be a promising tool for overall health improvement. [12][13][14] In addition to increasing inspiratory muscle strength, [15][16][17] prior literature has reported improvement in exercise capacity, 15,18 functional autonomy, 19 diaphragmatic thickness and mobility, 17 and cardiac autonomic control 20,21 in older adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training in Older Adults

Seixas

Almeida²,

Trevizan³

et al. 2019

Respir Care

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BACKGROUND: Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been widely applied to different populations, including the general population of older adults. In addition to increasing inspiratory muscle strength, other benefits of IMT in the health of this population have been reported. The primary aim of this study was to review the effects of IMT on the general parameters of health (eg, respiratory, functional, physical, and other variables) in older adults (> 60 y), and the secondary aim was to analyze the main IMT protocol used in the studies. METHODS: We searched the MEDLINE, PEDro, SciELO, and LILACS databases to identify relevant randomized controlled clinical trials, and we assessed their methodological quality according to the PEDro scale. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were used to guide the development of the protocol for this systematic review. RESULTS: The search yielded 7 studies involving 248 participants from 917 titles. The main outcomes investigated in response to IMT were related to the respiratory, functional, and physical variables. The results indicate that IMT promotes an increase of inspiratory muscle strength and diaphragmatic thickness in older adults. There was heterogeneity in the protocols described for this population with respect to the total training time (4-8 weeks), intensity (30-80% of the maximum inspiratory pressure), and weekly frequency (5 or 7 sessions). CONCLUSIONS: The reviewed studies revealed a positive trend for the effectiveness of IMT in improving inspiratory muscle performance in elderly subjects. More randomized studies are needed to evaluate other outcomes (eg, functional capacity, exercise capacity, cardiac autonomic control, quality of life, and others) to provide robust evidence that this training modality can promote improvements in health parameters in this population. In addition, the usual IMT prescription in this population is based on sets and repetitions, of mild to moderate intensity, performed on most days of the week, for > 4 weeks.

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Inspiratory muscle training improves physical performance and cardiac autonomic modulation in older women

Abstract: IMT increases HRV, improves 6MWT distance and HRR.

Cited by 34 publications

References 41 publications

A Transfer Entropy Approach for the Assessment of the Impact of Inspiratory Muscle Training on the Cardiorespiratory Coupling of Amateur Cyclists

A Transfer Entropy Approach for the Assessment of the Impact of Inspiratory Muscle Training on the Cardiorespiratory Coupling of Amateur Cyclists

Efecto del entrenamiento de la musculatura inspiratoria con válvula umbral sobre la capacidad funcional en mujeres físicamente activas mayores de 60 años

Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training in Older Adults

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